Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard

Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria a...

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Published in:Biogeosciences
Main Authors: Vonnahme, T. R., Devetter, M., Žárský, J. D., Šabacká, M., Elster, J.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016
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spelling ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00014128 2023-05-15T15:12:13+02:00 Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard Vonnahme, T. R. Devetter, M. Žárský, J. D. Šabacká, M. Elster, J. 2016-02 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00014128 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00014084/bg-13-659-2016.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00014128 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00014084/bg-13-659-2016.pdf https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2016 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016 2022-02-08T22:55:16Z Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N : P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. We propose that, for the studied glaciers, nutrient levels related to recycling of limiting nutrients are the main factor driving variation in the community structure of microalgae and grazers. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic glacier Svalbard Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Arctic Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Svalbard Biogeosciences 13 3 659 674
institution Open Polar
collection Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA
op_collection_id ftnonlinearchiv
language English
topic article
Verlagsveröffentlichung
spellingShingle article
Verlagsveröffentlichung
Vonnahme, T. R.
Devetter, M.
Žárský, J. D.
Šabacká, M.
Elster, J.
Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
topic_facet article
Verlagsveröffentlichung
description Glaciers are known to harbor surprisingly complex ecosystems. On their surface, distinct cylindrical holes filled with meltwater and sediments are considered hot spots for microbial life. The present paper addresses possible biological interactions within the community of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae (microalgae) and relations to their potential grazers, such as tardigrades and rotifers, additional to their environmental controls. Svalbard glaciers with substantial allochthonous input of material from local sources reveal high microalgal densities. Small valley glaciers with high sediment coverages and high impact of birds show high biomasses and support a high biological diversity. Invertebrate grazer densities do not show any significant negative correlation with microalgal abundances but rather a positive correlation with eukaryotic microalgae. Shared environmental preferences and a positive effect of grazing are the proposed mechanisms to explain these correlations. Most microalgae found in this study form colonies (< 10 cells, or > 25 µm), which may protect them against invertebrate grazing. This finding rather indicates grazing as a positive control on eukaryotic microalgae by nutrient recycling. Density differences between the eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria and their high distinction in redundancy (RDA) and principal component (PCA) analyses indicate that these two groups are in strong contrast. Eukaryotic microalgae occurred mainly in unstable cryoconite holes with high sediment loads, high N : P ratios, and a high impact of nutrient input by bird guano, as a proxy for nutrients. In these environments autochthonous nitrogen fixation appears to be negligible. Selective wind transport of Oscillatoriales via soil and dust particles is proposed to explain their dominance in cryoconites further away from the glacier margins. We propose that, for the studied glaciers, nutrient levels related to recycling of limiting nutrients are the main factor driving variation in the community structure of microalgae and grazers.
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Vonnahme, T. R.
Devetter, M.
Žárský, J. D.
Šabacká, M.
Elster, J.
author_facet Vonnahme, T. R.
Devetter, M.
Žárský, J. D.
Šabacká, M.
Elster, J.
author_sort Vonnahme, T. R.
title Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
title_short Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
title_full Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
title_fullStr Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
title_full_unstemmed Controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-Arctic glaciers, Svalbard
title_sort controls on microalgal community structures in cryoconite holes upon high-arctic glaciers, svalbard
publisher Copernicus Publications
publishDate 2016
url https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016
https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00014128
https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00014084/bg-13-659-2016.pdf
https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf
long_lat ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775)
geographic Arctic
Guano
Svalbard
geographic_facet Arctic
Guano
Svalbard
genre Arctic
glacier
Svalbard
genre_facet Arctic
glacier
Svalbard
op_relation Biogeosciences -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2158181 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/bg/bg.html -- 1726-4189
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016
https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00014128
https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00014084/bg-13-659-2016.pdf
https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/13/659/2016/bg-13-659-2016.pdf
op_rights uneingeschränkt
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
op_doi https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-659-2016
container_title Biogeosciences
container_volume 13
container_issue 3
container_start_page 659
op_container_end_page 674
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