Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth
The ocean surface mixed layer is a nearly universal feature of the world oceans. Variations in the depth of the mixed layer (MLD) influences the exchange of heat, fresh water (through evaporation), and gases between the atmosphere and the ocean and constitutes one of the major factors controlling oc...
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Copernicus Publications
2018
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ftnonlinearchiv:oai:noa.gwlb.de:cop_mods_00005447 2023-05-15T15:06:00+02:00 Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth Stranne, Christian Mayer, Larry Jakobsson, Martin Weidner, Elizabeth Jerram, Kevin Weber, Thomas C. Anderson, Leif G. Nilsson, Johan Björk, Göran Gårdfeldt, Katarina 2018-06 electronic https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00005447 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00005404/os-14-503-2018.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/14/503/2018/os-14-503-2018.pdf eng eng Copernicus Publications Ocean Science -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2183769 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/os/os.html -- 1812-0792 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00005447 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00005404/os-14-503-2018.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/14/503/2018/os-14-503-2018.pdf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY article Verlagsveröffentlichung article Text doc-type:article 2018 ftnonlinearchiv https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 2022-02-08T22:59:33Z The ocean surface mixed layer is a nearly universal feature of the world oceans. Variations in the depth of the mixed layer (MLD) influences the exchange of heat, fresh water (through evaporation), and gases between the atmosphere and the ocean and constitutes one of the major factors controlling ocean primary production as it affects the vertical distribution of biological and chemical components in near-surface waters. Direct observations of the MLD are traditionally made by means of conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) casts. However, CTD instrument deployment limits the observation of temporal and spatial variability in the MLD. Here, we present an alternative method in which acoustic mapping of the MLD is done remotely by means of commercially available ship-mounted echo sounders. The method is shown to be highly accurate when the MLD is well defined and biological scattering does not dominate the acoustic returns. These prerequisites are often met in the open ocean and it is shown that the method is successful in 95 % of data collected in the central Arctic Ocean. The primary advantages of acoustically mapping the MLD over CTD measurements are (1) considerably higher temporal and horizontal resolutions and (2) potentially larger spatial coverage. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA Arctic Arctic Ocean Ocean Science 14 3 503 514 |
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Open Polar |
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Niedersächsisches Online-Archiv NOA |
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ftnonlinearchiv |
language |
English |
topic |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
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article Verlagsveröffentlichung Stranne, Christian Mayer, Larry Jakobsson, Martin Weidner, Elizabeth Jerram, Kevin Weber, Thomas C. Anderson, Leif G. Nilsson, Johan Björk, Göran Gårdfeldt, Katarina Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
topic_facet |
article Verlagsveröffentlichung |
description |
The ocean surface mixed layer is a nearly universal feature of the world oceans. Variations in the depth of the mixed layer (MLD) influences the exchange of heat, fresh water (through evaporation), and gases between the atmosphere and the ocean and constitutes one of the major factors controlling ocean primary production as it affects the vertical distribution of biological and chemical components in near-surface waters. Direct observations of the MLD are traditionally made by means of conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) casts. However, CTD instrument deployment limits the observation of temporal and spatial variability in the MLD. Here, we present an alternative method in which acoustic mapping of the MLD is done remotely by means of commercially available ship-mounted echo sounders. The method is shown to be highly accurate when the MLD is well defined and biological scattering does not dominate the acoustic returns. These prerequisites are often met in the open ocean and it is shown that the method is successful in 95 % of data collected in the central Arctic Ocean. The primary advantages of acoustically mapping the MLD over CTD measurements are (1) considerably higher temporal and horizontal resolutions and (2) potentially larger spatial coverage. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stranne, Christian Mayer, Larry Jakobsson, Martin Weidner, Elizabeth Jerram, Kevin Weber, Thomas C. Anderson, Leif G. Nilsson, Johan Björk, Göran Gårdfeldt, Katarina |
author_facet |
Stranne, Christian Mayer, Larry Jakobsson, Martin Weidner, Elizabeth Jerram, Kevin Weber, Thomas C. Anderson, Leif G. Nilsson, Johan Björk, Göran Gårdfeldt, Katarina |
author_sort |
Stranne, Christian |
title |
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
title_short |
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
title_full |
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
title_fullStr |
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
title_full_unstemmed |
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
title_sort |
acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00005447 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00005404/os-14-503-2018.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/14/503/2018/os-14-503-2018.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_relation |
Ocean Science -- http://www.bibliothek.uni-regensburg.de/ezeit/?2183769 -- http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/os/os.html -- 1812-0792 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 https://noa.gwlb.de/receive/cop_mods_00005447 https://noa.gwlb.de/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/cop_derivate_00005404/os-14-503-2018.pdf https://os.copernicus.org/articles/14/503/2018/os-14-503-2018.pdf |
op_rights |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ uneingeschränkt info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-14-503-2018 |
container_title |
Ocean Science |
container_volume |
14 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
503 |
op_container_end_page |
514 |
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1766337674623320064 |