南極対流圏中の超微小粒子の揮発特性とその季節変化

• Main Authors: 原 圭一郎, 長田 和雄, 西田 千春, 矢吹 正教, 林 政彦, 山内 恭, 和田 誠, 塩原 匡貴, Keiichiro Hara, Kazuo Osada, Chiharu Nishita-Hara, Masanori Yabuki, Masahiko Hayashi, Takashi Yamanouchi, Makoto Wada, Masataka Shiobara
• Format: Report
• Language: Japanese
• Published: 情報・システム研究機構国立極地研究所 2010
• Subjects: 551.5; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Syowa Station; Antarc*; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=9573; http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00009573/; https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=9573&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

第46-47次日本南極地域観測隊で,超微小粒子の粒径分布とその揮発特性の連続観測を実施した.夏季には超微小粒子のほとんどは揮発性粒子で,硫酸,メタンスルホン酸,硫酸塩で構成されていた.夏には超微小粒子域の非揮発性粒子の割合は20% だったが,冬季には90% を超すこともあった.冬季の超微小粒子のほとんどは海塩粒子であり,海氷上で組成分別をした海塩粒子も含まれていた.南極大陸内陸部上空から昭和基地(沿岸部)に空気塊が輸送される時には,冬季にも揮発性粒子の割合が減少していた. The Size distribution and volatility of ultrafine aerosol particles were measured at Syowa Station during the 46-47 Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions. During the summer, most of the ultrafine particles were volatile particles, which were composed of H_2SO_4, CH_3SO_3H and sulfates bi-sulfates. The abundance of non-volatile particles was ～ 20% during the summer, increasing to>90% in winter-spring. Non-volatile particles in winter were dominantly sea-salt particles. Some ultrafine sea-salt particles might be released from sea-ice. When air mass was transported from the free troposphere over the Antarctic continent, the abundance of non-volatile particles dropped to<30% even in winter.