Distribution of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the area around Syowa Station in the Antarctic

• Main Authors: 三和 敏夫, Toshio Miwa
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: 岐阜大学医学部微生物学教室 1977
• Subjects: Antarctic; The Antarctic; Syowa Station; Ongul; Ongul Island; East Ongul Island; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=7949; http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00007949/; https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=7949&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

南極大陸の昭和基地を中心とした地域の土壌から,193株の有芽胞偏性嫌気性菌(clostridia)を分離した.そのうち155株を11菌種に同定できた.C. perfringens, C. bifermentans, およびC. sordelliiの順に多数分離された.C. sporogenes, C. plagarum, C. paraperfringens, C. septicum, C. tertium, C. cadaveris, C. butyricumおよびC. felsineumは少数分離された.人や動物によって汚染され難い地域からもclostridiaが多く検出された.南極土壌中のclostridiaの分布および特徴を日本の土壌と比較した.1)日本の土壌からは検出されてないC. sordelliiおよびC. paraperfringensを南極土壌から多く分離した.2)南極土壌中の菌数分布は好気性菌より嫌気性菌の方が多く,日本の土壌と逆であった.3)抗生剤の感受性試験のうち, tetracycline系に対して南極土壌からのclostridiaは,対照菌株に比してより感受性であった. From the soil in the area around Syowa Station, East Ongul Island, Antarctica, 193 strains of clostridia were isolated and identified. It was interesting that many clostridia were contained in the soil samples taken from the places which were considered to be scarcely contaminated by human beings and animals. One hundred and fifty-five strains were assigned to 11 species, and C. perfringens, C. bifermentans and C. sordellii were isolated frequently, while C. sporogenes, C. plagarum, C. paraperfringens, C. septicum, C. tertium, C. cadaveris, C. butyricum and C. felsineum less frequently. The peculiar distribution and characteristics of the clostridia in the Antarctic soil were discussed in comparison with those found in the soil in Japan. 1) C. sordellii and C paraperfringens were never isolated from the soil in Japan. 2) Distribution of aerobes was less extensive than anaerobes in the Antarctic soil. 3) To the tetracycline group among antibiotics tested, the Antarctic strains were more susceptive than the control (Japan) strains.