SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY
In a coastal region where strong offshore winds and currents prevail, newly-formed sea ice is removed as quickly as it forms. Consequently, the open water areas are maintained for a long period of time, despite considerable ice production. Such open waters, or coastal polynyas, release latent heat o...
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ftnipr:oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00003848 2023-05-15T13:49:01+02:00 SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY ウシオ シュウキ タキザワ タカトシ オオシマ カワムラ トシユキ Shuki USHIO Takatoshi TAKIZAWA Kay I. OHSHIMA Toshiyuki KAWAMURA 1994-11 https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=3848 http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00003848/ https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=3848&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1 en eng ABSTRACT National Institute of Polar Research Japan Marine Science and Technology Center The Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=3848 http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00003848/ AA10756213 Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 8, 191(1994-11) https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=3848&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1 Departmental Bulletin Paper P(論文) 1994 ftnipr 2022-12-17T19:45:54Z In a coastal region where strong offshore winds and currents prevail, newly-formed sea ice is removed as quickly as it forms. Consequently, the open water areas are maintained for a long period of time, despite considerable ice production. Such open waters, or coastal polynyas, release latent heat of fusion of ice and moisture from the ocean to the atmosphere. High-salinity brine is also excluded to the ocean by sea-ice formation. The polynyas may have great influence on the atmosphere-ocean interaction. Satellite images have suggested the presence of winter coastal polynyas between fast ice (or ice shelf) and pack ice regions off Lutzow-Holm Bay and Breid Bay, Antarctica. In 1990-1992,oceanographic observations were intensively conducted by the 31st and 32nd Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions to understand sea-ice and oceanic processes in the polynya off Lutzow-Holm Bay. Under windy conditions, aircraft observations revealed many new-ice streaks formed approximately parallel to the wind direction and generation of frost smoke from the open water. Water temperature profiles in the polynya were obtained by using aircraft-deployed expendable bathythermographs (AXBT) with a depth capability of 460m. Based on the temperature data, it is estimated that the thickness of the convective-mixed layer with its freezing point is 350-450m. The mixed layer has a tendency to deepen in winter. According to the austral summer oceanographic data acquired on board the icebreakers FUJI and SHIRASE, winter convective-mixed layers remain cold and oxygen-rich in the polynya regions. These mixed layers were evidently thicker than those in pack ice regions. Such water structures were also formed in the Breid Bay polynya. The thick convective-mixed layer is considered to reflect the processes of vigorous sea-ice production and the resultant convective mixing in the open polynyas. Report Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Polar meteorology and glaciology Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology Sea ice National Institute of Polar Research Repository, Japan Antarctic Austral Breid Bay ENVELOPE(24.083,24.083,-70.250,-70.250) |
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Open Polar |
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National Institute of Polar Research Repository, Japan |
op_collection_id |
ftnipr |
language |
English |
description |
In a coastal region where strong offshore winds and currents prevail, newly-formed sea ice is removed as quickly as it forms. Consequently, the open water areas are maintained for a long period of time, despite considerable ice production. Such open waters, or coastal polynyas, release latent heat of fusion of ice and moisture from the ocean to the atmosphere. High-salinity brine is also excluded to the ocean by sea-ice formation. The polynyas may have great influence on the atmosphere-ocean interaction. Satellite images have suggested the presence of winter coastal polynyas between fast ice (or ice shelf) and pack ice regions off Lutzow-Holm Bay and Breid Bay, Antarctica. In 1990-1992,oceanographic observations were intensively conducted by the 31st and 32nd Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions to understand sea-ice and oceanic processes in the polynya off Lutzow-Holm Bay. Under windy conditions, aircraft observations revealed many new-ice streaks formed approximately parallel to the wind direction and generation of frost smoke from the open water. Water temperature profiles in the polynya were obtained by using aircraft-deployed expendable bathythermographs (AXBT) with a depth capability of 460m. Based on the temperature data, it is estimated that the thickness of the convective-mixed layer with its freezing point is 350-450m. The mixed layer has a tendency to deepen in winter. According to the austral summer oceanographic data acquired on board the icebreakers FUJI and SHIRASE, winter convective-mixed layers remain cold and oxygen-rich in the polynya regions. These mixed layers were evidently thicker than those in pack ice regions. Such water structures were also formed in the Breid Bay polynya. The thick convective-mixed layer is considered to reflect the processes of vigorous sea-ice production and the resultant convective mixing in the open polynyas. |
format |
Report |
author |
ウシオ シュウキ タキザワ タカトシ オオシマ カワムラ トシユキ Shuki USHIO Takatoshi TAKIZAWA Kay I. OHSHIMA Toshiyuki KAWAMURA |
spellingShingle |
ウシオ シュウキ タキザワ タカトシ オオシマ カワムラ トシユキ Shuki USHIO Takatoshi TAKIZAWA Kay I. OHSHIMA Toshiyuki KAWAMURA SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
author_facet |
ウシオ シュウキ タキザワ タカトシ オオシマ カワムラ トシユキ Shuki USHIO Takatoshi TAKIZAWA Kay I. OHSHIMA Toshiyuki KAWAMURA |
author_sort |
ウシオ シュウキ |
title |
SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
title_short |
SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
title_full |
SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
title_fullStr |
SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
title_full_unstemmed |
SEA-ICE FORMATION AND WATER STRUCTURES IN COASTAL POLYNYAS OFF LUTZOW-HOLM BAY AND BREID BAY |
title_sort |
sea-ice formation and water structures in coastal polynyas off lutzow-holm bay and breid bay |
publisher |
ABSTRACT |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=3848 http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00003848/ https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=3848&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(24.083,24.083,-70.250,-70.250) |
geographic |
Antarctic Austral Breid Bay |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Austral Breid Bay |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Polar meteorology and glaciology Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Ice Shelf Polar meteorology and glaciology Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=3848 http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00003848/ AA10756213 Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology, 8, 191(1994-11) https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=3848&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1 |
_version_ |
1766250439631699968 |