CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL PARTICLES AND POLLUTANTS IN THE MARINE ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR TRANSPORT TO THE OCEAN

• Main Authors: オカモリ カツタカ, タナカ シゲル, ハシモト ヨシカズ, Katsutaka OKAMORI, Shigeru TANAKA, Yoshikazu HASHIMOTO
• Format: Report
• Language: English
• Published: ABSTRACT 1992
• Subjects: Antarctic; The Antarctic; Syowa Station; Pacific; Indian; Antarctic Ocean; Antarc*; Antarctica; Polar meteorology and glaciology; Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Meteorology and Glaciology
• Online Access: https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_uri&item_id=3713; http://id.nii.ac.jp/1291/00003713/; https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=repository_action_common_download&item_id=3713&item_no=1&attribute_id=18&file_no=1

In order to investigate the concentration distribution of soil particles and pollutants in the marine atmosphere and their transport to the ocean, atmospheric concentrations of Al, Si, Fe, S and Cl were measured in the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic Ocean. The marine aerosol samples, collected on board the research ship SHIRASE, were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis. The samples were taken every day by a low volume air sampler at the flow rate of 30l/min, during the cruises of SHIRASE from Tokyo to Fremantle in November and from Fremantle to Syowa Station in December 1988. As a result, the average concentrations of the soil derived elements were 11.9ng/m^3 for Al, 50.6ng/m^3 for Si and 12.5ng/m^3 for Fe over the western Pacific Ocean between Tokyo and Fremantle. These values are as low as 1/100 of atmospheric concentration over land except Antarctica. Especially, over the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic Ocean between Fremantle and Syowa Station, concentrations were very low, 6.5ng/m^3 for Al, 13.4ng/m^3 for Si and 3.5ng/m^3 for Fe on an average. It is considered that these values are the background concentrations of soil derived elements in the marine atmosphere. The main sources of S and Cl in the marine atmosphere are sea salt. Therefore, a strong correlation between concentrations of S and Cl was observed over the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic Ocean. However, over the western Pacific Ocean between Tokyo and Fremantle, a correlation between concentrations of S and Cl was not observed. The concentration of S was highly correlated with that of soil derived elements. The western Pacific Ocean was not far from land including the Asian Continent and Southeast Asia. It is considered that S originated from oil burning in Asia with soil particles. Thus, the marine atmosphere over the western Pacific Ocean is influenced by anthropogenic sources on land.