On the Fresh-Water Microfauna of the Antarctic Region. II. Stabilityof Faunistic Composition of Antarctic Microorganisms

• Main Authors: Sudzuki, Minoru, Shimoizumi, Jukichi
• Language: English
• Published: 1967
• Subjects: Antarctic; Langhovde; McMurdo Sound; Ongul; Syowa Station; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/95/files/KJ00000000947.pdf

P(論文) The colonization of Antarctica by microorganisms has been analyzed during 1963-1966 by four ways of approach-faunological, sociological, biogeographical, and experimental-using material mainly from Langhovde, Syowa Station, McMurdo Sound, and the Ongul Islands. The first three of these overlap to some extent, and the experimental approach may also provide some clues to this problem. Representative genera of the strictly Antarctic microfauna are : Actinopoda : Actinophris. Rhizopoda : Amoeba, Chaos, Astramoeba, Euglypha, Corythion, Thecamoeba, Trinema, Microcorycia, Cryptodifflugia, Centropyxis, Difflugia, Arcella, Diplochlamis, Leptochlamys, Assulina, Vahlkampfia, Cochliopodiun, Microgromia, Tracheleuglypha, Hyalosphenia, etc. Ciliata : Colpoda, Homalogastra, Cyclidium, Trichopelma, Spathidium, Dileptus, Paradileptus, Opistotricha?, Holotricha, Pauroleptus, Pyxidium?, Vorticella?, Blepharisma, Nassula, Frontonia, Halteria, Strombilidium, etc. Rotatoria : Habrotrocha, Mniobia, Adineta, Rotaria, Pleuretra, Philodina, Macrotrachela, Encentrum, Lepadella, Lecane, Monostyla, etc. Gastrotricha : Lepidoderma, Chaetonotus. Tardigrada : Hypsibius, Diphascon, Echiniscus, Paraechiniscus, Milnesium, Macrobiotus, Isohypsibius, pseudechiniscus, etc. Without exception, these genera are regarded as "cosmopolitan" in distribution, frequently and abundantly encountered in both the xerophilous and hygrophilous biotopes of the regions of temperate climate, including Japan. And the occurrence-correlation of the above genera belongs to SUDZUKI's types 1-3. One characteristic of the Antarctic community is found in the density of individuals rather than in the numbers of genera involved-in this respect, the Antarctic community is quite similar to the Himalayan one occurring at altitudes above 5200m. The experiment in which 0.094ml of capillary moss-water from Tokyo was dropped into Antarctic Bryosystem and Chalikosystem revealed the following : 1) At least three types of species can be distinguished ecologically : a) easily ...