Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear?
Generalist populations often harbor individual dietary specialists. Whether using a narrower set of resources than the population (= specialization) affects specialists' nutrient intake remains underexplored. We evaluated variation in ingredient and nutrient specialization in a European brown b...
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3147094 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 |
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/3147094 2024-09-15T18:40:16+00:00 Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? De Cuyper, Annelies Strubbe, Diederik Clauss, Marcus Lens, Luc Zedrosser, Andreas Steyaert, Sam Kopatz, Alexander Janssens, Geert P.J. Europe 2024 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3147094 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 eng eng Andre: Special Research Fund(BOF) of Ghent University urn:issn:0909-6396 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3147094 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 cristin:2278968 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2024 The Authors Wildlife Biology e01305 brown bear dietary specialization nutrient VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Peer reviewed Journal article 2024 ftninstnf https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 2024-08-22T23:37:03Z Generalist populations often harbor individual dietary specialists. Whether using a narrower set of resources than the population (= specialization) affects specialists' nutrient intake remains underexplored. We evaluated variation in ingredient and nutrient specialization in a European brown bear Ursus arctos population via the Proportional Similarity Index (PSi, from 0=highly specialized to 1=not specialized) and assessed associations of specialization with year, season and reproductive class. Different methodologies concerning the organization of raw data for PSi calculations were evaluated (i.e. the resolution of diet compositional data (feces vs the average of all feces per individual) and temporal restrictions for the population (year-round vs within-season). Overall, a tendency for ingredient specialization (PSi 0.37 ± 0.14) and absence of nutrient specialization (PSi 0.79 ± 0.10) was observed. Ingredient specialization was mainly influenced by the proportion of berries, graminoids, oats and moose in the diet. Annual, seasonal and reproductive class effects were moderate and did not strongly affect PSi for both ingredients and nutrients. Organizing diet compositional data from a ‘feces resolution' to ‘individual resolution' decreased specialization. Changing the comparative population in PSi calculations from ‘all-year-round' to ‘within year and season' also resulted in less pronounced specialization. The degree of specialization was not caused by individuals exhibiting consistent ingredient preferences over the years (low repeatability of PSi) except in spring. Our results suggested absence of nutrient specialization and mild ingredient specialization, which appeared to be an outcome of the ecological circumstances rather than specific individual traits. Additionally, we demonstrated that the methods applied can have substantial influence for the calculation of specialization indices. brown bear, dietary specialization, nutrient publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Ursus arctos Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Wildlife Biology |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
op_collection_id |
ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
brown bear dietary specialization nutrient VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
spellingShingle |
brown bear dietary specialization nutrient VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 De Cuyper, Annelies Strubbe, Diederik Clauss, Marcus Lens, Luc Zedrosser, Andreas Steyaert, Sam Kopatz, Alexander Janssens, Geert P.J. Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
topic_facet |
brown bear dietary specialization nutrient VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
description |
Generalist populations often harbor individual dietary specialists. Whether using a narrower set of resources than the population (= specialization) affects specialists' nutrient intake remains underexplored. We evaluated variation in ingredient and nutrient specialization in a European brown bear Ursus arctos population via the Proportional Similarity Index (PSi, from 0=highly specialized to 1=not specialized) and assessed associations of specialization with year, season and reproductive class. Different methodologies concerning the organization of raw data for PSi calculations were evaluated (i.e. the resolution of diet compositional data (feces vs the average of all feces per individual) and temporal restrictions for the population (year-round vs within-season). Overall, a tendency for ingredient specialization (PSi 0.37 ± 0.14) and absence of nutrient specialization (PSi 0.79 ± 0.10) was observed. Ingredient specialization was mainly influenced by the proportion of berries, graminoids, oats and moose in the diet. Annual, seasonal and reproductive class effects were moderate and did not strongly affect PSi for both ingredients and nutrients. Organizing diet compositional data from a ‘feces resolution' to ‘individual resolution' decreased specialization. Changing the comparative population in PSi calculations from ‘all-year-round' to ‘within year and season' also resulted in less pronounced specialization. The degree of specialization was not caused by individuals exhibiting consistent ingredient preferences over the years (low repeatability of PSi) except in spring. Our results suggested absence of nutrient specialization and mild ingredient specialization, which appeared to be an outcome of the ecological circumstances rather than specific individual traits. Additionally, we demonstrated that the methods applied can have substantial influence for the calculation of specialization indices. brown bear, dietary specialization, nutrient publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
De Cuyper, Annelies Strubbe, Diederik Clauss, Marcus Lens, Luc Zedrosser, Andreas Steyaert, Sam Kopatz, Alexander Janssens, Geert P.J. |
author_facet |
De Cuyper, Annelies Strubbe, Diederik Clauss, Marcus Lens, Luc Zedrosser, Andreas Steyaert, Sam Kopatz, Alexander Janssens, Geert P.J. |
author_sort |
De Cuyper, Annelies |
title |
Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
title_short |
Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
title_full |
Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
title_fullStr |
Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
title_full_unstemmed |
Do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
title_sort |
do ingredient and nutrient intake reveal individual dietary specialization in an omnivorous carnivore, the brown bear? |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3147094 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 |
op_coverage |
Europe |
genre |
Ursus arctos |
genre_facet |
Ursus arctos |
op_source |
Wildlife Biology e01305 |
op_relation |
Andre: Special Research Fund(BOF) of Ghent University urn:issn:0909-6396 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3147094 https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 cristin:2278968 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2024 The Authors |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/wlb3.01305 |
container_title |
Wildlife Biology |
_version_ |
1810484568517509120 |