Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation
Ruminants are dependent on their gut microbiomes for nutrient extraction from plant diets. However, knowledge about the composition, diversity, function, and spatial structure of gut microbiomes, especially in wild ruminants, is limited, largely because analysis has been restricted to faeces or the...
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/3109535 2024-02-04T09:57:58+01:00 Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation Kamenova, Stefaniya de Muinck, Eric Veiberg, Vebjørn Utsi, Tove Hilde Ågnes Steyaert, Sam Albon, Steve Loe, Leif Egil Trosvik, Pål 2023 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3109535 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 eng eng FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 2023, 99 (12) urn:issn:0168-6496 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3109535 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 cristin:2209851 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors 99 FEMS Microbiology Ecology 12 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing digestion herbivory High Arctic ruminants shotgun metagenome sequencing VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Peer reviewed Journal article 2023 ftninstnf https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 2024-01-10T23:49:28Z Ruminants are dependent on their gut microbiomes for nutrient extraction from plant diets. However, knowledge about the composition, diversity, function, and spatial structure of gut microbiomes, especially in wild ruminants, is limited, largely because analysis has been restricted to faeces or the rumen. In two geographically separated reindeer subspecies, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed strong spatial structuring, and pronounced differences in microbial diversity of at least 33 phyla across the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine (including faeces). The main structural feature was the Bacteroidota to Firmicutes ratio, which declined from the stomach to the large intestine, likely reflecting functional adaptation. Metagenome shotgun sequencing also revealed highly significant structuring in the relative occurrence of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). CAZymes were enriched in the rumen relative to the small and large intestines. Interestingly, taxonomic diversity was highest in the large intestine, suggesting an important and understudied role for this organ. Despite the two study populations being separated by an ocean and six millennia of evolutionary history, gut microbiome structuring was remarkably consistent. Our study suggests a strong selection for gut microbiome biogeography along the gastrointestinal tract in reindeer subspecies. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing; digestion; herbivory; High Arctic; ruminants; shotgun metagenome sequencing publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Arctic FEMS Microbiology Ecology 99 12 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
op_collection_id |
ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing digestion herbivory High Arctic ruminants shotgun metagenome sequencing VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
spellingShingle |
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing digestion herbivory High Arctic ruminants shotgun metagenome sequencing VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Kamenova, Stefaniya de Muinck, Eric Veiberg, Vebjørn Utsi, Tove Hilde Ågnes Steyaert, Sam Albon, Steve Loe, Leif Egil Trosvik, Pål Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
topic_facet |
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing digestion herbivory High Arctic ruminants shotgun metagenome sequencing VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
description |
Ruminants are dependent on their gut microbiomes for nutrient extraction from plant diets. However, knowledge about the composition, diversity, function, and spatial structure of gut microbiomes, especially in wild ruminants, is limited, largely because analysis has been restricted to faeces or the rumen. In two geographically separated reindeer subspecies, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed strong spatial structuring, and pronounced differences in microbial diversity of at least 33 phyla across the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine (including faeces). The main structural feature was the Bacteroidota to Firmicutes ratio, which declined from the stomach to the large intestine, likely reflecting functional adaptation. Metagenome shotgun sequencing also revealed highly significant structuring in the relative occurrence of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). CAZymes were enriched in the rumen relative to the small and large intestines. Interestingly, taxonomic diversity was highest in the large intestine, suggesting an important and understudied role for this organ. Despite the two study populations being separated by an ocean and six millennia of evolutionary history, gut microbiome structuring was remarkably consistent. Our study suggests a strong selection for gut microbiome biogeography along the gastrointestinal tract in reindeer subspecies. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing; digestion; herbivory; High Arctic; ruminants; shotgun metagenome sequencing publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kamenova, Stefaniya de Muinck, Eric Veiberg, Vebjørn Utsi, Tove Hilde Ågnes Steyaert, Sam Albon, Steve Loe, Leif Egil Trosvik, Pål |
author_facet |
Kamenova, Stefaniya de Muinck, Eric Veiberg, Vebjørn Utsi, Tove Hilde Ågnes Steyaert, Sam Albon, Steve Loe, Leif Egil Trosvik, Pål |
author_sort |
Kamenova, Stefaniya |
title |
Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
title_short |
Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
title_full |
Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
title_fullStr |
Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
title_sort |
gut microbiome biogeography in reindeer supersedes millennia of ecological and evolutionary separation |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3109535 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
99 FEMS Microbiology Ecology 12 |
op_relation |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 2023, 99 (12) urn:issn:0168-6496 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3109535 https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 cristin:2209851 |
op_rights |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiad157 |
container_title |
FEMS Microbiology Ecology |
container_volume |
99 |
container_issue |
12 |
_version_ |
1789962294161047552 |