Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi
An insect’s ability to tolerate winter conditions is a critical determinant of its success. This is true for both native and invasive species, and especially so in harsh polar environments. The midge Eretmoptera murphyi (Diptera, Chironomidae) is invasive to maritime Antarctic Signy Island, and the...
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/2678004 2024-06-23T07:46:16+00:00 Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi Bartlett, Jesamine Convey, Peter Hayward, Scott A.L. Signy Islands, Sør-Orknøyene, South Orkney Islands, Antarktis, Antarctica 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2678004 https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 eng eng Andre: British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Andre: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Andre: Central England NERC Training Alliance Andre: University of Birmingham urn:issn:2075-4450 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2678004 https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 cristin:1830038 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2020 by the authors 11 Insects microclimate insect physiology overwintering invasion biology thermal thresholds VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftninstnf https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 2024-06-07T03:57:56Z An insect’s ability to tolerate winter conditions is a critical determinant of its success. This is true for both native and invasive species, and especially so in harsh polar environments. The midge Eretmoptera murphyi (Diptera, Chironomidae) is invasive to maritime Antarctic Signy Island, and the ability of fourth instar larvae to tolerate freezing is hypothesized to allow the species to extend its range further south. However, no detailed assessment of stress tolerance in any other life stage has yet been conducted. Here, we report that, although larvae, pupae and adults all have supercooling points (SCPs) of around −5 °C, only the larvae are freeze-tolerant, and that coldhardiness increases with larval maturity. Eggs are freeze-avoiding and have an SCP of around −17 °C. At −3.34 °C, the CTmin activity thresholds of adults are close to their SCP of −5 °C, and they are likely chill-susceptible. Larvae could not withstand the anoxic conditions of ice entrapment or submergence in water beyond 28 d. The data obtained here indicate that the cold-tolerance characteristics of this invasive midge would permit it to colonize areas further south, including much of the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. microclimate; insect physiology; overwintering; invasion biology; thermal thresholds publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Antarktis* Signy Island South Orkney Islands Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Orkney Islands ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) Signy Island ENVELOPE(-45.595,-45.595,-60.708,-60.708) Insects 11 3 147 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
op_collection_id |
ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
microclimate insect physiology overwintering invasion biology thermal thresholds VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
spellingShingle |
microclimate insect physiology overwintering invasion biology thermal thresholds VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 Bartlett, Jesamine Convey, Peter Hayward, Scott A.L. Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
topic_facet |
microclimate insect physiology overwintering invasion biology thermal thresholds VDP::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 VDP::Zoology and botany: 480 |
description |
An insect’s ability to tolerate winter conditions is a critical determinant of its success. This is true for both native and invasive species, and especially so in harsh polar environments. The midge Eretmoptera murphyi (Diptera, Chironomidae) is invasive to maritime Antarctic Signy Island, and the ability of fourth instar larvae to tolerate freezing is hypothesized to allow the species to extend its range further south. However, no detailed assessment of stress tolerance in any other life stage has yet been conducted. Here, we report that, although larvae, pupae and adults all have supercooling points (SCPs) of around −5 °C, only the larvae are freeze-tolerant, and that coldhardiness increases with larval maturity. Eggs are freeze-avoiding and have an SCP of around −17 °C. At −3.34 °C, the CTmin activity thresholds of adults are close to their SCP of −5 °C, and they are likely chill-susceptible. Larvae could not withstand the anoxic conditions of ice entrapment or submergence in water beyond 28 d. The data obtained here indicate that the cold-tolerance characteristics of this invasive midge would permit it to colonize areas further south, including much of the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. microclimate; insect physiology; overwintering; invasion biology; thermal thresholds publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bartlett, Jesamine Convey, Peter Hayward, Scott A.L. |
author_facet |
Bartlett, Jesamine Convey, Peter Hayward, Scott A.L. |
author_sort |
Bartlett, Jesamine |
title |
Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
title_short |
Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
title_full |
Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
title_fullStr |
Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surviving the Antarctic winter—Life Stage Cold Tolerance and Ice Entrapment Survival in The Invasive Chironomid Midge Eretmoptera murphyi |
title_sort |
surviving the antarctic winter—life stage cold tolerance and ice entrapment survival in the invasive chironomid midge eretmoptera murphyi |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2678004 https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 |
op_coverage |
Signy Islands, Sør-Orknøyene, South Orkney Islands, Antarktis, Antarctica |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-45.500,-45.500,-60.583,-60.583) ENVELOPE(-45.595,-45.595,-60.708,-60.708) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Orkney Islands Signy Island |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula South Orkney Islands Signy Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Antarktis* Signy Island South Orkney Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Antarctica Antarktis* Signy Island South Orkney Islands |
op_source |
11 Insects |
op_relation |
Andre: British Antarctic Survey (BAS) Andre: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Andre: Central England NERC Training Alliance Andre: University of Birmingham urn:issn:2075-4450 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2678004 https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 cristin:1830038 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2020 by the authors |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11030147 |
container_title |
Insects |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
147 |
_version_ |
1802644900842307584 |