Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations
Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) escape from net pens and enter rivers to spawn, potentially resulting in genetic introgression and reduced fitness of wild salmon. Here, we quantify genetic introgression of farmed to wild salmon, using molecular genetic markers, in populations from 147 salmon ri...
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/2593243 2023-05-15T15:30:31+02:00 Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations Karlsson, Sten Diserud, Ola H. Fiske, Peder Hindar, KJetil Norway 2016 application/octet-stream http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2593243 eng eng urn:issn:1054-3139 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2593243 © International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2016. All rights reserved. 2488–2498 73 ICES Journal of Marine Science 10 atlantic salmon aquaculture farmed salmon genetic introgression genetics SNPs VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Peer reviewed 2016 ftninstnf 2021-12-23T07:17:13Z Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) escape from net pens and enter rivers to spawn, potentially resulting in genetic introgression and reduced fitness of wild salmon. Here, we quantify genetic introgression of farmed to wild salmon, using molecular genetic markers, in populations from 147 salmon rivers, representing three-quarters of the total wild salmon spawning population in Norway. For 109 rivers with adult modern samples and sample sizes of 20 or more, the average level of farmed genetic introgression was 6.4% (median¼2.3%), with a range between 0.0% and 42.2%. Fifty-one of these rivers showed significant farmed genetic introgression when compared with historical reference samples. We observed a highly significant correlation between estimated farmed introgression and average proportion of escaped farmed salmon. We quantify levels of introgression as unweighted averages or weighted by population sizes, to compare geographical regions and to compare levels of introgression in rivers and fjords designated as locations deserving a high level of protection. We found a generally lower level of introgression in National Salmon Rivers and National Salmon Fjords subjected to formal protection by parliament. We conclude that farmed to wild genetic introgression is high in a large proportion of Norwegian salmon rivers, with the highest levels found in the most intensive areas of salmon farming. The extensive genetic introgression documented here poses a serious challenge to the management of farmed and Wild Atlantic salmon in Norway and, in all likelihood, in other regions where farmed-salmon escape events occur with regularity acceptedVersion Text Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Norway |
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Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
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ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
atlantic salmon aquaculture farmed salmon genetic introgression genetics SNPs VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
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atlantic salmon aquaculture farmed salmon genetic introgression genetics SNPs VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Karlsson, Sten Diserud, Ola H. Fiske, Peder Hindar, KJetil Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
topic_facet |
atlantic salmon aquaculture farmed salmon genetic introgression genetics SNPs VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
description |
Farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) escape from net pens and enter rivers to spawn, potentially resulting in genetic introgression and reduced fitness of wild salmon. Here, we quantify genetic introgression of farmed to wild salmon, using molecular genetic markers, in populations from 147 salmon rivers, representing three-quarters of the total wild salmon spawning population in Norway. For 109 rivers with adult modern samples and sample sizes of 20 or more, the average level of farmed genetic introgression was 6.4% (median¼2.3%), with a range between 0.0% and 42.2%. Fifty-one of these rivers showed significant farmed genetic introgression when compared with historical reference samples. We observed a highly significant correlation between estimated farmed introgression and average proportion of escaped farmed salmon. We quantify levels of introgression as unweighted averages or weighted by population sizes, to compare geographical regions and to compare levels of introgression in rivers and fjords designated as locations deserving a high level of protection. We found a generally lower level of introgression in National Salmon Rivers and National Salmon Fjords subjected to formal protection by parliament. We conclude that farmed to wild genetic introgression is high in a large proportion of Norwegian salmon rivers, with the highest levels found in the most intensive areas of salmon farming. The extensive genetic introgression documented here poses a serious challenge to the management of farmed and Wild Atlantic salmon in Norway and, in all likelihood, in other regions where farmed-salmon escape events occur with regularity acceptedVersion |
format |
Text |
author |
Karlsson, Sten Diserud, Ola H. Fiske, Peder Hindar, KJetil |
author_facet |
Karlsson, Sten Diserud, Ola H. Fiske, Peder Hindar, KJetil |
author_sort |
Karlsson, Sten |
title |
Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
title_short |
Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
title_full |
Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
title_fullStr |
Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
title_sort |
widespread genetic introgression of escaped farmed atlantic salmon in wild salmon populations |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2593243 |
op_coverage |
Norway |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
2488–2498 73 ICES Journal of Marine Science 10 |
op_relation |
urn:issn:1054-3139 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2593243 |
op_rights |
© International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2016. All rights reserved. |
_version_ |
1766360969726918656 |