Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks
The release of cold temperature constraints on photosynthesis has led to increased productivity (greening) in significant parts (32–39%) of the Arctic, but much of the Arctic shows stable (57–64%) or reduced productivity (browning, <4%). Summer drought and wildfires are the bestdocumented drivers...
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/2561486 2023-05-15T14:38:46+02:00 Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks Bjerke, Jarle W. Karlsen, Stein Rune Høgda, Kjell Arild Malnes, Eirik Jepsen, Jane Uhd Lovibond, Sarah Vikhamar-Schuler, Dagrun Tømmervik, Hans Arctic 2014 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2561486 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 eng eng Norges forskningsråd: 216434 Andre: FRAM—Centre for Climate and the Environment. Environmental Research Letters 2014, 9 urn:issn:1748-9326 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2561486 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 cristin:1147911 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd CC-BY 14 9 Environmental Research Letters anomalous weather events disturbance extreme events NDVI long-term monitoring series pathogens plant stress VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Peer reviewed 2014 ftninstnf https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 2021-12-23T07:16:38Z The release of cold temperature constraints on photosynthesis has led to increased productivity (greening) in significant parts (32–39%) of the Arctic, but much of the Arctic shows stable (57–64%) or reduced productivity (browning, <4%). Summer drought and wildfires are the bestdocumented drivers causing browning of continental areas, but factors dampening the greening effect of more maritime regions have remained elusive. Here we show how multiple anomalous weather events severely affected the terrestrial productivity during one water year (October 2011–September 2012) in a maritime region north of the Arctic Circle, the Nordic Arctic Region, and contributed to the lowest mean vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index) recorded this century. Procedures for field data sampling were designed during or shortly after the events in order to assess both the variability in effects and the maximum effects of the stressors. Outbreaks of insect and fungal pests also contributed to low greenness. Vegetation greenness in 2012 was 6.8% lower than the 2000–11 average and 58% lower in the worst affected areas that were under multiple stressors. These results indicate the importance of events (some being mostly neglected in climate change effect studies and monitoring) for primary productivity in a high-latitude maritime region, and highlight the importance of monitoring plant damage in the field and including frequencies of stress events in models of carbon economy and ecosystem change in the Arctic. Fourteen weather events and anomalies and 32 hypothesized impacts on plant productivity are summarized as an aid for directing future research. anomalous weather events, disturbance, extreme events, NDVI, long-term monitoring series, pathogens, plant stress Text Arctic Climate change Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Arctic Browning ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) Environmental Research Letters 9 8 084006 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
op_collection_id |
ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
anomalous weather events disturbance extreme events NDVI long-term monitoring series pathogens plant stress VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
spellingShingle |
anomalous weather events disturbance extreme events NDVI long-term monitoring series pathogens plant stress VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Bjerke, Jarle W. Karlsen, Stein Rune Høgda, Kjell Arild Malnes, Eirik Jepsen, Jane Uhd Lovibond, Sarah Vikhamar-Schuler, Dagrun Tømmervik, Hans Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
topic_facet |
anomalous weather events disturbance extreme events NDVI long-term monitoring series pathogens plant stress VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
description |
The release of cold temperature constraints on photosynthesis has led to increased productivity (greening) in significant parts (32–39%) of the Arctic, but much of the Arctic shows stable (57–64%) or reduced productivity (browning, <4%). Summer drought and wildfires are the bestdocumented drivers causing browning of continental areas, but factors dampening the greening effect of more maritime regions have remained elusive. Here we show how multiple anomalous weather events severely affected the terrestrial productivity during one water year (October 2011–September 2012) in a maritime region north of the Arctic Circle, the Nordic Arctic Region, and contributed to the lowest mean vegetation greenness (normalized difference vegetation index) recorded this century. Procedures for field data sampling were designed during or shortly after the events in order to assess both the variability in effects and the maximum effects of the stressors. Outbreaks of insect and fungal pests also contributed to low greenness. Vegetation greenness in 2012 was 6.8% lower than the 2000–11 average and 58% lower in the worst affected areas that were under multiple stressors. These results indicate the importance of events (some being mostly neglected in climate change effect studies and monitoring) for primary productivity in a high-latitude maritime region, and highlight the importance of monitoring plant damage in the field and including frequencies of stress events in models of carbon economy and ecosystem change in the Arctic. Fourteen weather events and anomalies and 32 hypothesized impacts on plant productivity are summarized as an aid for directing future research. anomalous weather events, disturbance, extreme events, NDVI, long-term monitoring series, pathogens, plant stress |
format |
Text |
author |
Bjerke, Jarle W. Karlsen, Stein Rune Høgda, Kjell Arild Malnes, Eirik Jepsen, Jane Uhd Lovibond, Sarah Vikhamar-Schuler, Dagrun Tømmervik, Hans |
author_facet |
Bjerke, Jarle W. Karlsen, Stein Rune Høgda, Kjell Arild Malnes, Eirik Jepsen, Jane Uhd Lovibond, Sarah Vikhamar-Schuler, Dagrun Tømmervik, Hans |
author_sort |
Bjerke, Jarle W. |
title |
Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
title_short |
Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
title_full |
Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
title_fullStr |
Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
title_sort |
record-low primary productivity and highplant damage in the nordic arctic region in2012 caused by multiple weather events andpest outbreaks |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2561486 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 |
op_coverage |
Arctic |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(164.050,164.050,-74.617,-74.617) |
geographic |
Arctic Browning |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Browning |
genre |
Arctic Climate change |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change |
op_source |
14 9 Environmental Research Letters |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 216434 Andre: FRAM—Centre for Climate and the Environment. Environmental Research Letters 2014, 9 urn:issn:1748-9326 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2561486 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 cristin:1147911 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 |
container_title |
Environmental Research Letters |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
084006 |
_version_ |
1766310790347882496 |