Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2443690 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
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ftninstnf:oai:brage.nina.no:11250/2443690 2023-05-15T15:31:52+02:00 Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions Glover, Kevin Solberg, Monica Favnebøe McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael Möller Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Øystein Svåsand, Terje 2017 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2443690 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 eng eng Norges forskningsråd: 216105 Norwegian Ministry for Trade and Fisheries Norges forskningsråd: 200510 JSPS KAKENHI: JP26292102 Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Sciences: 1323-00158A Beaufort Marine Research Award Irish Government urn:issn:1467-2960 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2443690 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 cristin:1458620 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no CC-BY Fish and Fisheries aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Journal article Peer reviewed 2017 ftninstnf https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 2021-12-23T07:17:08Z Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Farmed salmon represent a limited number of wild source populations that have been exposed to ≥12 generations of domestication. Consequently, farmed and wild salmon differ in many traits including molecular-genetic polymorphisms, growth, morphology, life history, behaviour, physiology and gene transcription. Field experiments have demonstrated that the offspring of farmed salmon display lower lifetime fitness in the wild than wild salmon and that following introgression, there is a reduced production of genetically wild salmon and, potentially, of total salmon production. It is a formidable task to estimate introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations where they are not exotic. New methods have revealed introgression in half of ~150 Norwegian populations, with point estimates as high as 47%, and an unweighted average of 6.4% across 109 populations. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population-specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long-term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life-history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA Norway Fish and Fisheries 18 5 890 927 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Norwegian Institute for Nature Research: Brage NINA |
op_collection_id |
ftninstnf |
language |
English |
topic |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
spellingShingle |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 Glover, Kevin Solberg, Monica Favnebøe McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael Möller Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Øystein Svåsand, Terje Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
topic_facet |
aquaculture evolution fish farming fitness genetic hybrid VDP::Landbruks- og Fiskerifag: 900::Fiskerifag: 920::Akvakultur: 922 VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 |
description |
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is one of the best researched fishes, and its aquaculture plays a global role in the blue revolution. However, since the 1970s, tens of millions of farmed salmon have escaped into the wild. We review current knowledge of genetic interactions and identify the unanswered questions. Native salmon populations are typically genetically distinct from each other and potentially locally adapted. Farmed salmon represent a limited number of wild source populations that have been exposed to ≥12 generations of domestication. Consequently, farmed and wild salmon differ in many traits including molecular-genetic polymorphisms, growth, morphology, life history, behaviour, physiology and gene transcription. Field experiments have demonstrated that the offspring of farmed salmon display lower lifetime fitness in the wild than wild salmon and that following introgression, there is a reduced production of genetically wild salmon and, potentially, of total salmon production. It is a formidable task to estimate introgression of farmed salmon in wild populations where they are not exotic. New methods have revealed introgression in half of ~150 Norwegian populations, with point estimates as high as 47%, and an unweighted average of 6.4% across 109 populations. Outside Norway, introgression remains unquantified, and in all regions, biological changes and the mechanisms driving population-specific impacts remain poorly documented. Nevertheless, existing knowledge shows that the long-term consequences of introgression is expected to lead to changes in life-history traits, reduced population productivity and decreased resilience to future challenges. Only a major reduction in the number of escapees and/or sterility of farmed salmon can eliminate further impacts. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Glover, Kevin Solberg, Monica Favnebøe McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael Möller Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Øystein Svåsand, Terje |
author_facet |
Glover, Kevin Solberg, Monica Favnebøe McGinnity, Phil Hindar, Kjetil Verspoor, Eric Coulson, Mark W. Hansen, Michael Möller Araki, Hitoshi Skaala, Øystein Svåsand, Terje |
author_sort |
Glover, Kevin |
title |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_short |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_full |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_fullStr |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild Atlantic salmon: Status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
title_sort |
half a century of genetic interaction between farmed and wild atlantic salmon: status of knowledge and unanswered questions |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2443690 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
geographic |
Norway |
geographic_facet |
Norway |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Fish and Fisheries |
op_relation |
Norges forskningsråd: 216105 Norwegian Ministry for Trade and Fisheries Norges forskningsråd: 200510 JSPS KAKENHI: JP26292102 Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Sciences: 1323-00158A Beaufort Marine Research Award Irish Government urn:issn:1467-2960 http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2443690 https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 cristin:1458620 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12214 |
container_title |
Fish and Fisheries |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
890 |
op_container_end_page |
927 |
_version_ |
1766362368138280960 |