Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure
Populations of killer whale (Orcinus orca) contain some of the most polluted animals on Earth. Yet, the knowledge on effects of chemical pollutants is limited in this species. Cell cultures and in vitro exposure experiments are pertinent tools to study effects of pollutants in free-ranging marine ma...
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ftnilu:oai:nilu.brage.unit.no:11250/3066721 2024-09-15T18:16:42+00:00 Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure Bjørneset, Juni Blévin, Pierre Bjørnstad, Pål Marius Dalmo, Roy Ambli Goksøyr, Anders Harju, Mikael Yadetie, Fekadu Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli 2023 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3066721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 eng eng Environment International. 2023, 174, 107915. urn:issn:0160-4120 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3066721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 cristin:2139973 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 174 Environment International 107915 Peer reviewed Journal article 2023 ftnilu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 2024-06-25T03:02:41Z Populations of killer whale (Orcinus orca) contain some of the most polluted animals on Earth. Yet, the knowledge on effects of chemical pollutants is limited in this species. Cell cultures and in vitro exposure experiments are pertinent tools to study effects of pollutants in free-ranging marine mammals. To investigate transcriptional responses to pollutants in killer whale cells, we collected skin biopsies of killer whales from the Northern Norwegian fjords and successfully established primary fibroblast cell cultures from the dermis of 4 out of 5 of them. Cells from the individual with the highest cell yield were exposed to three different concentrations of a mixture of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that reflects the composition of the 10 most abundant POPs found in Norwegian killer whales (p,p’-DDE, trans-nonachlor, PCB52, 99, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180, 187). Transcriptional responses of 13 selected target genes were studied using digital droplet PCR, and whole transcriptome responses were investigated utilizing RNA sequencing. Among the target genes analysed, CYP1A1 was significantly downregulated in the cells exposed to medium (11.6 µM) and high (116 µM) concentrations of the pollutant mixture, while seven genes involved in endocrine functions showed a non-significant tendency to be upregulated at the highest exposure concentration. Bioinformatic analyses of RNA-seq data indicated that 13 and 43 genes were differentially expressed in the cells exposed to low and high concentrations of the mixture, respectively, in comparison to solvent control. Subsequent pathway and functional analyses of the differentially expressed genes indicated that the enriched pathways were mainly related to lipid metabolism, myogenesis and glucocorticoid receptor regulation. The current study results support previous correlative studies and provide cause-effect relationships, which is highly relevant for chemical and environmental management. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research: NILU Brage Environment International 174 107915 |
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Open Polar |
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NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research: NILU Brage |
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ftnilu |
language |
English |
description |
Populations of killer whale (Orcinus orca) contain some of the most polluted animals on Earth. Yet, the knowledge on effects of chemical pollutants is limited in this species. Cell cultures and in vitro exposure experiments are pertinent tools to study effects of pollutants in free-ranging marine mammals. To investigate transcriptional responses to pollutants in killer whale cells, we collected skin biopsies of killer whales from the Northern Norwegian fjords and successfully established primary fibroblast cell cultures from the dermis of 4 out of 5 of them. Cells from the individual with the highest cell yield were exposed to three different concentrations of a mixture of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that reflects the composition of the 10 most abundant POPs found in Norwegian killer whales (p,p’-DDE, trans-nonachlor, PCB52, 99, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180, 187). Transcriptional responses of 13 selected target genes were studied using digital droplet PCR, and whole transcriptome responses were investigated utilizing RNA sequencing. Among the target genes analysed, CYP1A1 was significantly downregulated in the cells exposed to medium (11.6 µM) and high (116 µM) concentrations of the pollutant mixture, while seven genes involved in endocrine functions showed a non-significant tendency to be upregulated at the highest exposure concentration. Bioinformatic analyses of RNA-seq data indicated that 13 and 43 genes were differentially expressed in the cells exposed to low and high concentrations of the mixture, respectively, in comparison to solvent control. Subsequent pathway and functional analyses of the differentially expressed genes indicated that the enriched pathways were mainly related to lipid metabolism, myogenesis and glucocorticoid receptor regulation. The current study results support previous correlative studies and provide cause-effect relationships, which is highly relevant for chemical and environmental management. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bjørneset, Juni Blévin, Pierre Bjørnstad, Pål Marius Dalmo, Roy Ambli Goksøyr, Anders Harju, Mikael Yadetie, Fekadu Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli |
spellingShingle |
Bjørneset, Juni Blévin, Pierre Bjørnstad, Pål Marius Dalmo, Roy Ambli Goksøyr, Anders Harju, Mikael Yadetie, Fekadu Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
author_facet |
Bjørneset, Juni Blévin, Pierre Bjørnstad, Pål Marius Dalmo, Roy Ambli Goksøyr, Anders Harju, Mikael Yadetie, Fekadu Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli |
author_sort |
Bjørneset, Juni |
title |
Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
title_short |
Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
title_full |
Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
title_fullStr |
Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
title_full_unstemmed |
Establishment of killer whale (Orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
title_sort |
establishment of killer whale (orcinus orca) primary fibroblast cell cultures and their transcriptomic responses to pollutant exposure |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3066721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 |
genre |
Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Killer whale |
op_source |
174 Environment International 107915 |
op_relation |
Environment International. 2023, 174, 107915. urn:issn:0160-4120 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3066721 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 cristin:2139973 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2023.107915 |
container_title |
Environment International |
container_volume |
174 |
container_start_page |
107915 |
_version_ |
1810454709295644672 |