Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are not declining in Arctic air despite reductions in their global emissions. In Svalbard, the Longyearbyen coal-fired power plant is considered to be one of the major local sources of PAHs. Power plant stack emissions and ambient air samples, collected simult...
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ftnilu:oai:nilu.brage.unit.no:11250/2679136 2023-07-30T03:55:32+02:00 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard Drotikova, Tatiana Ali, Aasim Musa Mohamed Halse, Anne Karine Reinardy, Helena Kallenborn, Roland 2020 application/pdf https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2679136 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 eng eng Svalbards miljøvernfond: 940010 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2020, 20, 9997-10014. urn:issn:1680-7316 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2679136 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 cristin:1816924 Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © Author(s) 2020. 9997-10014 20 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Peer reviewed Journal article 2020 ftnilu https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 2023-07-08T19:54:09Z Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are not declining in Arctic air despite reductions in their global emissions. In Svalbard, the Longyearbyen coal-fired power plant is considered to be one of the major local sources of PAHs. Power plant stack emissions and ambient air samples, collected simultaneously at 1 km (UNIS) and 6 km (Adventdalen) transect distance, were analysed (gaseous and particulate phases separately) for 22 nitro-PAHs, 8 oxy-PAHs, and 16 parent PAHs by gas chromatography in combination with single quadrupole electron capture negative ionization mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-MS) and gas chromatography in combination with triple quadrupole electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS/MS). Results confirm low levels of PAH emissions (Sum 16 PAHs D 1:5 μg/kg coal) from the power plant. Phenanthrene, 9,10-anthraquinone, 9- fluorenone, fluorene, fluoranthene, and pyrene accounted for 85% of the plant emission (not including naphthalene). A dilution effect was observed for the transect ambient air samples: 1.26+/- 0.16 and 0.63+/- 0.14 ng/m3 were the sum of all 47 PAH derivatives for UNIS and Adventdalen, respectively. The PAH profile was homogeneous for these recipient stations with phenanthrene and 9-fluorenone being most abundant. Multivariate statistical analysis confirmed coal combustion and vehicle and marine traffic as the predominant sources of PAHs. Secondary atmospheric formation of 9- nitroanthracene and 2C3-nitrofluoranthene was evaluated and concluded. PAHs partitioning between gaseous and particulate phases showed a strong dependence on ambient temperatures and humidity. The present study contributes important data which can be utilized to eliminate uncertainties in model predictions that aim to assess the extent and impacts of Arctic atmospheric contaminants. publishedVersion Article in Journal/Newspaper Adventdalen Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard UNIS NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research: NILU Brage Adventdalen ENVELOPE(16.264,16.264,78.181,78.181) Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20 16 9997 10014 |
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Open Polar |
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NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research: NILU Brage |
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ftnilu |
language |
English |
description |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are not declining in Arctic air despite reductions in their global emissions. In Svalbard, the Longyearbyen coal-fired power plant is considered to be one of the major local sources of PAHs. Power plant stack emissions and ambient air samples, collected simultaneously at 1 km (UNIS) and 6 km (Adventdalen) transect distance, were analysed (gaseous and particulate phases separately) for 22 nitro-PAHs, 8 oxy-PAHs, and 16 parent PAHs by gas chromatography in combination with single quadrupole electron capture negative ionization mass spectrometry (GC-ECNI-MS) and gas chromatography in combination with triple quadrupole electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS/MS). Results confirm low levels of PAH emissions (Sum 16 PAHs D 1:5 μg/kg coal) from the power plant. Phenanthrene, 9,10-anthraquinone, 9- fluorenone, fluorene, fluoranthene, and pyrene accounted for 85% of the plant emission (not including naphthalene). A dilution effect was observed for the transect ambient air samples: 1.26+/- 0.16 and 0.63+/- 0.14 ng/m3 were the sum of all 47 PAH derivatives for UNIS and Adventdalen, respectively. The PAH profile was homogeneous for these recipient stations with phenanthrene and 9-fluorenone being most abundant. Multivariate statistical analysis confirmed coal combustion and vehicle and marine traffic as the predominant sources of PAHs. Secondary atmospheric formation of 9- nitroanthracene and 2C3-nitrofluoranthene was evaluated and concluded. PAHs partitioning between gaseous and particulate phases showed a strong dependence on ambient temperatures and humidity. The present study contributes important data which can be utilized to eliminate uncertainties in model predictions that aim to assess the extent and impacts of Arctic atmospheric contaminants. publishedVersion |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Drotikova, Tatiana Ali, Aasim Musa Mohamed Halse, Anne Karine Reinardy, Helena Kallenborn, Roland |
spellingShingle |
Drotikova, Tatiana Ali, Aasim Musa Mohamed Halse, Anne Karine Reinardy, Helena Kallenborn, Roland Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
author_facet |
Drotikova, Tatiana Ali, Aasim Musa Mohamed Halse, Anne Karine Reinardy, Helena Kallenborn, Roland |
author_sort |
Drotikova, Tatiana |
title |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
title_short |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
title_full |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxy- and nitro-PAHs in ambient air of the Arctic town Longyearbyen, Svalbard |
title_sort |
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), oxy- and nitro-pahs in ambient air of the arctic town longyearbyen, svalbard |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2679136 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.264,16.264,78.181,78.181) |
geographic |
Adventdalen Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Adventdalen Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard |
genre |
Adventdalen Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard UNIS |
genre_facet |
Adventdalen Arctic Longyearbyen Svalbard UNIS |
op_source |
9997-10014 20 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
op_relation |
Svalbards miljøvernfond: 940010 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2020, 20, 9997-10014. urn:issn:1680-7316 https://hdl.handle.net/11250/2679136 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 cristin:1816924 |
op_rights |
Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no © Author(s) 2020. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9997-2020 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
20 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
9997 |
op_container_end_page |
10014 |
_version_ |
1772814538144481280 |