Distributional Patterns of Polychaetes Across the West Antarctic Based on DNA Barcoding and Particle Tracking Analyses

• Published in: Frontiers in Marine Science
• Main Authors: Brasier, MJ, Harle, J, Wiklund, H, Jeffreys, RM, Linse, K, Ruhl, HA, Glover, AG
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: circumpolar; biogeography; deep-sea; cryptic species; Southern Ocean; benthos; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Antarc*; Antarctica
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/10141/622766; https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00356

Recent genetic investigations have uncovered a high proportion of cryptic species within Antarctic polychaetes. It is likely that these evolved in isolation during periods of glaciation, and it is possible that cryptic populations would have remained geographically restricted from one another occupying different regions of Antarctica. By analysing the distributions of nine morphospecies, (six of which contained potential cryptic species), we find evidence for widespread distributions within the West Antarctic. Around 60% of the cryptic species exhibited sympatric distributions, and at least one cryptic clade was found to be widespread. Additional DNA barcodes from GenBank and morphological records extended the observed range of three species studied here, and indicate potential circum-Antarctic traits. Particle tracking analyses were used to model theoretical dispersal ranges of pelagic larvae. Data from these models suggest that the observed species distributions inferred from genetic similarity could have been established and maintained through the regional oceanographic currents, including the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and its coastal counter current. Improved understanding of the distribution of Antarctic fauna is essential for predicting the impacts of environmental change and determining management strategies for the region. Copyright © 2017 Brasier, Harle, Wiklund, Jeffreys, Linse, Ruhl and Glover. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. NHM Repository