Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation.
Nearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6 months of...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
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Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union
2022
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/1/JGR%20Space%20Physics%20-%202022%20-%20Engebretson%20-%20Geomagnetic%20Disturbances%20that%20Cause%20GICs.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JA030580 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:533332 2023-05-15T14:02:21+02:00 Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. Engebretson, Mark J. Simms, Laura E. Pilipenko, Viacheslav A. Bouayed, Lilia Moldwin, Mark B. Weygand, James M. Hartinger, Michael D. Xu, Zhonghua Clauer, C. Robert Coyle, Shane Willer, Anna N. Freeman, Mervyn P. Gerrard, Andy J. 2022-10 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/1/JGR%20Space%20Physics%20-%202022%20-%20Engebretson%20-%20Geomagnetic%20Disturbances%20that%20Cause%20GICs.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JA030580 en eng American Geophysical Union https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/1/JGR%20Space%20Physics%20-%202022%20-%20Engebretson%20-%20Geomagnetic%20Disturbances%20that%20Cause%20GICs.pdf Engebretson, Mark J.; Simms, Laura E.; Pilipenko, Viacheslav A.; Bouayed, Lilia; Moldwin, Mark B.; Weygand, James M.; Hartinger, Michael D.; Xu, Zhonghua; Clauer, C. Robert; Coyle, Shane; Willer, Anna N.; Freeman, Mervyn P. orcid:0000-0002-8653-8279 Gerrard, Andy J. 2022 Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (10), e2022JA030580. 23, pp. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580 2023-02-04T19:53:40Z Nearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6 months of 2016 at four magnetically conjugate high latitude station pairs using data from the Greenland West Coast magnetometer chain and from Antarctic stations in the conjugate AAL-PIP magnetometer chain. Events for statistical analysis and four case studies were selected from Greenland/AAL-PIP data by detecting the presence of >6 nT/s derivatives of any component of the magnetic field at any of the station pairs. For case studies, these chains were supplemented by data from the BAS-LPM chain in Antarctica as well as Pangnirtung and South Pole in order to extend longitudinal coverage to the west. Amplitude comparisons between hemispheres showed a) a seasonal dependence (larger in the winter hemisphere), and b) a dependence on the sign of the By component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF): GMDs were larger in the north (south) when IMF By was > 0 (< 0). A majority of events occurred nearly simultaneously (to within ± 3 min) independent of the sign of By as long as |By| ≤ 2 |Bz|. As has been found in earlier studies, IMF Bz was < 0 prior to most events. When IMF data from Geotail, Themis-B, and/or Themis C in the near-Earth solar wind were used to supplement the time-shifted OMNI IMF data, the consistency of these IMF orientations was improved. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland South pole South pole Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Greenland South Pole Pangnirtung ENVELOPE(-65.707,-65.707,66.145,66.145) Omni ENVELOPE(144.232,144.232,59.863,59.863) Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 127 10 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Nearly all studies of impulsive geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs, also known as magnetic perturbation events MPEs) that can produce dangerous geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) have used data from the northern hemisphere. In this study we investigated GMD occurrences during the first 6 months of 2016 at four magnetically conjugate high latitude station pairs using data from the Greenland West Coast magnetometer chain and from Antarctic stations in the conjugate AAL-PIP magnetometer chain. Events for statistical analysis and four case studies were selected from Greenland/AAL-PIP data by detecting the presence of >6 nT/s derivatives of any component of the magnetic field at any of the station pairs. For case studies, these chains were supplemented by data from the BAS-LPM chain in Antarctica as well as Pangnirtung and South Pole in order to extend longitudinal coverage to the west. Amplitude comparisons between hemispheres showed a) a seasonal dependence (larger in the winter hemisphere), and b) a dependence on the sign of the By component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF): GMDs were larger in the north (south) when IMF By was > 0 (< 0). A majority of events occurred nearly simultaneously (to within ± 3 min) independent of the sign of By as long as |By| ≤ 2 |Bz|. As has been found in earlier studies, IMF Bz was < 0 prior to most events. When IMF data from Geotail, Themis-B, and/or Themis C in the near-Earth solar wind were used to supplement the time-shifted OMNI IMF data, the consistency of these IMF orientations was improved. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Engebretson, Mark J. Simms, Laura E. Pilipenko, Viacheslav A. Bouayed, Lilia Moldwin, Mark B. Weygand, James M. Hartinger, Michael D. Xu, Zhonghua Clauer, C. Robert Coyle, Shane Willer, Anna N. Freeman, Mervyn P. Gerrard, Andy J. |
spellingShingle |
Engebretson, Mark J. Simms, Laura E. Pilipenko, Viacheslav A. Bouayed, Lilia Moldwin, Mark B. Weygand, James M. Hartinger, Michael D. Xu, Zhonghua Clauer, C. Robert Coyle, Shane Willer, Anna N. Freeman, Mervyn P. Gerrard, Andy J. Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
author_facet |
Engebretson, Mark J. Simms, Laura E. Pilipenko, Viacheslav A. Bouayed, Lilia Moldwin, Mark B. Weygand, James M. Hartinger, Michael D. Xu, Zhonghua Clauer, C. Robert Coyle, Shane Willer, Anna N. Freeman, Mervyn P. Gerrard, Andy J. |
author_sort |
Engebretson, Mark J. |
title |
Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
title_short |
Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
title_full |
Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
title_fullStr |
Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. |
title_sort |
geomagnetic disturbances that cause gics: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by imf orientation. |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/1/JGR%20Space%20Physics%20-%202022%20-%20Engebretson%20-%20Geomagnetic%20Disturbances%20that%20Cause%20GICs.pdf https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2022JA030580 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.707,-65.707,66.145,66.145) ENVELOPE(144.232,144.232,59.863,59.863) |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland South Pole Pangnirtung Omni |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland South Pole Pangnirtung Omni |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland South pole South pole |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Greenland South pole South pole |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533332/1/JGR%20Space%20Physics%20-%202022%20-%20Engebretson%20-%20Geomagnetic%20Disturbances%20that%20Cause%20GICs.pdf Engebretson, Mark J.; Simms, Laura E.; Pilipenko, Viacheslav A.; Bouayed, Lilia; Moldwin, Mark B.; Weygand, James M.; Hartinger, Michael D.; Xu, Zhonghua; Clauer, C. Robert; Coyle, Shane; Willer, Anna N.; Freeman, Mervyn P. orcid:0000-0002-8653-8279 Gerrard, Andy J. 2022 Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: investigating their interhemispheric conjugacy and control by IMF orientation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 127 (10), e2022JA030580. 23, pp. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
container_volume |
127 |
container_issue |
10 |
_version_ |
1766272562557353984 |