Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning
With rapid, sector-specific climatic changes impacting the Southern Ocean, we need circumpolar-scale biomass data of its plankton taxa to improve food web models, blue carbon budgets and resource management. Here, we provide a new dataset on mesozooplankton biomass with 2909 records spanning the las...
Published in: | Limnology and Oceanography |
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/1/Limnology%20Oceanography%20-%202022%20-%20Yang%20-%20Massive%20circumpolar%20biomass%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20zooplankton%20Implications%20for%20food.pdf https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12219 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:533196 2023-05-15T13:41:46+02:00 Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning Yang, Guang Atkinson, Angus Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Hill, Simeon L. Racault, Marie‐Fanny 2022-11 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/1/Limnology%20Oceanography%20-%202022%20-%20Yang%20-%20Massive%20circumpolar%20biomass%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20zooplankton%20Implications%20for%20food.pdf https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12219 en eng Wiley https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/1/Limnology%20Oceanography%20-%202022%20-%20Yang%20-%20Massive%20circumpolar%20biomass%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20zooplankton%20Implications%20for%20food.pdf Yang, Guang; Atkinson, Angus; Pakhomov, Evgeny A.; Hill, Simeon L. orcid:0000-0003-1441-8769 Racault, Marie‐Fanny. 2022 Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning. Limnology and Oceanography, 67 (11). 2516-2530. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219> cc_by_4 CC-BY Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219 2023-02-04T19:53:33Z With rapid, sector-specific climatic changes impacting the Southern Ocean, we need circumpolar-scale biomass data of its plankton taxa to improve food web models, blue carbon budgets and resource management. Here, we provide a new dataset on mesozooplankton biomass with 2909 records spanning the last 90 yr, and describe, in comparable carbon units, their circumpolar distribution alongside those of phytoplankton, Antarctic krill, and salps. With our datasets, we estimate total summer carbon biomasses for phytoplankton (36 MT), mesozooplankton (67 MT), krill (30 MT), and salps (1.7 MT). The mesozooplankton value is much higher than previously reported and, added to that of krill and salps, points to an enormous overall biomass of zooplankton in the Southern Ocean. This means that the pyramids of biomass are often inverted, with higher biomass of zooplankton than of phytoplankton. Such high biomasses suggest key roles of grazers in nutrient cycling and we estimate an export of ~ 50 Mt C yr−1, solely from mortality of overwintering zooplankton that typically reside at depth. Deep lipid respiration (the lipid pump), for example, would increase this export even further. While inverted biomass pyramids prevailed at mid latitudes (50°–70°S), the balance of taxa differed regionally: for example, with biomass dominance by phytoplankton (highest latitudes and Pacific sector), mesozooplankton (Kerguelen Plateau), krill (north and east Scotia Sea), and salps (Crozet area). In light of contrasting climate change impacts between these sectors, we provide data that will underpin biogeochemical and food web models, blue carbon budgets, and the planning of marine protected areas. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Scotia Sea Pacific Limnology and Oceanography 67 11 2516 2530 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
With rapid, sector-specific climatic changes impacting the Southern Ocean, we need circumpolar-scale biomass data of its plankton taxa to improve food web models, blue carbon budgets and resource management. Here, we provide a new dataset on mesozooplankton biomass with 2909 records spanning the last 90 yr, and describe, in comparable carbon units, their circumpolar distribution alongside those of phytoplankton, Antarctic krill, and salps. With our datasets, we estimate total summer carbon biomasses for phytoplankton (36 MT), mesozooplankton (67 MT), krill (30 MT), and salps (1.7 MT). The mesozooplankton value is much higher than previously reported and, added to that of krill and salps, points to an enormous overall biomass of zooplankton in the Southern Ocean. This means that the pyramids of biomass are often inverted, with higher biomass of zooplankton than of phytoplankton. Such high biomasses suggest key roles of grazers in nutrient cycling and we estimate an export of ~ 50 Mt C yr−1, solely from mortality of overwintering zooplankton that typically reside at depth. Deep lipid respiration (the lipid pump), for example, would increase this export even further. While inverted biomass pyramids prevailed at mid latitudes (50°–70°S), the balance of taxa differed regionally: for example, with biomass dominance by phytoplankton (highest latitudes and Pacific sector), mesozooplankton (Kerguelen Plateau), krill (north and east Scotia Sea), and salps (Crozet area). In light of contrasting climate change impacts between these sectors, we provide data that will underpin biogeochemical and food web models, blue carbon budgets, and the planning of marine protected areas. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yang, Guang Atkinson, Angus Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Hill, Simeon L. Racault, Marie‐Fanny |
spellingShingle |
Yang, Guang Atkinson, Angus Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Hill, Simeon L. Racault, Marie‐Fanny Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
author_facet |
Yang, Guang Atkinson, Angus Pakhomov, Evgeny A. Hill, Simeon L. Racault, Marie‐Fanny |
author_sort |
Yang, Guang |
title |
Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
title_short |
Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
title_full |
Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
title_fullStr |
Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
title_full_unstemmed |
Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
title_sort |
massive circumpolar biomass of southern ocean zooplankton: implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/1/Limnology%20Oceanography%20-%202022%20-%20Yang%20-%20Massive%20circumpolar%20biomass%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20zooplankton%20Implications%20for%20food.pdf https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/lno.12219 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Scotia Sea Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean Kerguelen Scotia Sea Pacific |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Scotia Sea Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/533196/1/Limnology%20Oceanography%20-%202022%20-%20Yang%20-%20Massive%20circumpolar%20biomass%20of%20Southern%20Ocean%20zooplankton%20Implications%20for%20food.pdf Yang, Guang; Atkinson, Angus; Pakhomov, Evgeny A.; Hill, Simeon L. orcid:0000-0003-1441-8769 Racault, Marie‐Fanny. 2022 Massive circumpolar biomass of Southern Ocean zooplankton: Implications for food web structure, carbon export, and marine spatial planning. Limnology and Oceanography, 67 (11). 2516-2530. https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219 <https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12219 |
container_title |
Limnology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
67 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
2516 |
op_container_end_page |
2530 |
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1766157962414391296 |