Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna
Ecological studies that enhance our understanding of the structure and function of the natural world rely heavily on accurate species identification. With rapid sample accumulation and declining taxonomic expertise, cladistics, phylogenetics and coalescent-based analyses have become key tools for id...
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:530158 2023-05-15T13:41:45+02:00 Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna Sands, Chester J. O'Hara, Timothy D. Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. 2021-09-30 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/1/fmars-08-723328.pdf https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328/full?utm_source=F-NTF&utm_medium=EMLX&utm_campaign=PRD_FEOPS_20170000_ARTICLE en eng Frontiers Media https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/1/fmars-08-723328.pdf Sands, Chester J. orcid:0000-0003-1028-0328 O'Hara, Timothy D.; Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. 2021 Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 723328. 11, pp. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328> cc_by_4 CC-BY Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2021 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328 2023-02-04T19:52:01Z Ecological studies that enhance our understanding of the structure and function of the natural world rely heavily on accurate species identification. With rapid sample accumulation and declining taxonomic expertise, cladistics, phylogenetics and coalescent-based analyses have become key tools for identification or discrimination of species. These tools differ in effectiveness and interpretation depending on researcher perspective and the unique evolutionary histories of the taxa. Given the cost and time required for taxonomic assessment of ambiguous species groups, we advocate a pragmatic approach to clarify species assignment. We carried out a case-study on species from the diverse ophiuroid genus Ophiacantha common in shelf habitats around the Southern Ocean. Although several of the species are formally described with clear and distinctive morphological characters and reproductive strategies (O. vivipara, O. pentactis, O. densispina, O. antarctica, and O. wolfarntzi), recent molecular data has highlighted issues with these morphospecies, the characters that formally define them and their evolutionary histories. Here we provide evidence that key morphological features of species can be deceptive and show that six-armed O. vivipara, for example, is not a widely distributed Southern Ocean species as currently accepted, rather, three disparate clades. Ophiacantha pentactis, described as having five arms, frequently has six arms and the six-armed form is mistakenly classified as O. vivipara. All six-armed specimens collected from the Antarctic continental shelf fall into the O. pentactis species clade. Molecular tools designed for species delimitation appear to fail to reflect the “true” species composition. Rather than rely on a single tool for species recognition, we advocate an integrated approach using traditional detailed taxonomic morphology, summary statistics of molecular sequence data from populations, robust phylogenies, sufficient geographical sampling and local biological knowledge to ensure that ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Frontiers in Marine Science 8 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Ecological studies that enhance our understanding of the structure and function of the natural world rely heavily on accurate species identification. With rapid sample accumulation and declining taxonomic expertise, cladistics, phylogenetics and coalescent-based analyses have become key tools for identification or discrimination of species. These tools differ in effectiveness and interpretation depending on researcher perspective and the unique evolutionary histories of the taxa. Given the cost and time required for taxonomic assessment of ambiguous species groups, we advocate a pragmatic approach to clarify species assignment. We carried out a case-study on species from the diverse ophiuroid genus Ophiacantha common in shelf habitats around the Southern Ocean. Although several of the species are formally described with clear and distinctive morphological characters and reproductive strategies (O. vivipara, O. pentactis, O. densispina, O. antarctica, and O. wolfarntzi), recent molecular data has highlighted issues with these morphospecies, the characters that formally define them and their evolutionary histories. Here we provide evidence that key morphological features of species can be deceptive and show that six-armed O. vivipara, for example, is not a widely distributed Southern Ocean species as currently accepted, rather, three disparate clades. Ophiacantha pentactis, described as having five arms, frequently has six arms and the six-armed form is mistakenly classified as O. vivipara. All six-armed specimens collected from the Antarctic continental shelf fall into the O. pentactis species clade. Molecular tools designed for species delimitation appear to fail to reflect the “true” species composition. Rather than rely on a single tool for species recognition, we advocate an integrated approach using traditional detailed taxonomic morphology, summary statistics of molecular sequence data from populations, robust phylogenies, sufficient geographical sampling and local biological knowledge to ensure that ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sands, Chester J. O'Hara, Timothy D. Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. |
spellingShingle |
Sands, Chester J. O'Hara, Timothy D. Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
author_facet |
Sands, Chester J. O'Hara, Timothy D. Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. |
author_sort |
Sands, Chester J. |
title |
Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
title_short |
Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
title_full |
Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
title_fullStr |
Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna |
title_sort |
pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the southern ocean benthic fauna |
publisher |
Frontiers Media |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/1/fmars-08-723328.pdf https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328/full?utm_source=F-NTF&utm_medium=EMLX&utm_campaign=PRD_FEOPS_20170000_ARTICLE |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/530158/1/fmars-08-723328.pdf Sands, Chester J. orcid:0000-0003-1028-0328 O'Hara, Timothy D.; Martín-Ledo, Rafael M. 2021 Pragmatic assignment of species groups based on primary species hypotheses: the case of a dominant component of the Southern Ocean benthic fauna. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 723328. 11, pp. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723328 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
8 |
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1766157399516774400 |