Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton
Biological communities in the Arctic are changing through the climate-driven encroachment of subarctic species. This ‘Atlantification’ extends to keystone Calanoid copepods, as the small-bodied Calanus finmarchicus increases in abundance in areas where it overlaps with larger Arctic congeners. The e...
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/1/gcb.15937.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15937 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:529877 2023-05-15T14:26:40+02:00 Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton Freer, Jennifer J. Daase, Malin Tarling, Geraint A. 2022-01 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/1/gcb.15937.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15937 en eng Wiley https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/1/gcb.15937.pdf Freer, Jennifer J. orcid:0000-0002-3947-9261 Daase, Malin; Tarling, Geraint A. orcid:0000-0002-3753-5899 . 2022 Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton. Global Change Biology, 28 (2). 429-440. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937 <https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937> cc_by_4 CC-BY Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2022 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937 2023-02-04T19:51:53Z Biological communities in the Arctic are changing through the climate-driven encroachment of subarctic species. This ‘Atlantification’ extends to keystone Calanoid copepods, as the small-bodied Calanus finmarchicus increases in abundance in areas where it overlaps with larger Arctic congeners. The environmental factors that are facilitating this shift, whether related to optimal conditions in temperature or seasonality, remain unclear. Assessing these drivers at an Arctic-wide scale is necessary to predict future ecosystem change and impacts. Here we have compiled range-wide occurrences of C. finmarchicus and a suite of seasonal biophysical climatologies to build a boreo-Arctic ecological niche model. The dataset was divided into two eras, 1955-1984 and 1985-2017, and an optimised MaxEnt model was used to predict the seasonal distribution of the abiotic niche of C. finmarchicus in both eras. Comparing outputs between eras reveals an increase in habitat suitability at the Arctic range edge. Large and significant increases in suitability are predicted in regions of the Greenland, Labrador, and Southern Barents Seas that have experienced reduced sea-ice cover. With the exception of the Barents Sea, these areas also show a seasonal shift in the timing of peak habitat suitability towards an earlier season. Our findings suggest that the Atlantification of Arctic zooplankton communities is accompanied by climate-driven phenology changes. Although seasonality is a critical constraint to the establishment of C. finmarchicus at Arctic latitudes, earlier sea-ice retreat and associated productivity is making these environments increasingly favourable for this subarctic species. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Barents Sea Calanus finmarchicus Greenland Sea ice Subarctic Zooplankton Copepods Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Arctic Barents Sea Greenland Global Change Biology 28 2 429 440 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Biological communities in the Arctic are changing through the climate-driven encroachment of subarctic species. This ‘Atlantification’ extends to keystone Calanoid copepods, as the small-bodied Calanus finmarchicus increases in abundance in areas where it overlaps with larger Arctic congeners. The environmental factors that are facilitating this shift, whether related to optimal conditions in temperature or seasonality, remain unclear. Assessing these drivers at an Arctic-wide scale is necessary to predict future ecosystem change and impacts. Here we have compiled range-wide occurrences of C. finmarchicus and a suite of seasonal biophysical climatologies to build a boreo-Arctic ecological niche model. The dataset was divided into two eras, 1955-1984 and 1985-2017, and an optimised MaxEnt model was used to predict the seasonal distribution of the abiotic niche of C. finmarchicus in both eras. Comparing outputs between eras reveals an increase in habitat suitability at the Arctic range edge. Large and significant increases in suitability are predicted in regions of the Greenland, Labrador, and Southern Barents Seas that have experienced reduced sea-ice cover. With the exception of the Barents Sea, these areas also show a seasonal shift in the timing of peak habitat suitability towards an earlier season. Our findings suggest that the Atlantification of Arctic zooplankton communities is accompanied by climate-driven phenology changes. Although seasonality is a critical constraint to the establishment of C. finmarchicus at Arctic latitudes, earlier sea-ice retreat and associated productivity is making these environments increasingly favourable for this subarctic species. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Freer, Jennifer J. Daase, Malin Tarling, Geraint A. |
spellingShingle |
Freer, Jennifer J. Daase, Malin Tarling, Geraint A. Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
author_facet |
Freer, Jennifer J. Daase, Malin Tarling, Geraint A. |
author_sort |
Freer, Jennifer J. |
title |
Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
title_short |
Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
title_full |
Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
title_fullStr |
Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
title_sort |
modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of arctic atlantification by subarctic zooplankton |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/1/gcb.15937.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.15937 |
geographic |
Arctic Barents Sea Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Barents Sea Greenland |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Barents Sea Calanus finmarchicus Greenland Sea ice Subarctic Zooplankton Copepods |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Barents Sea Calanus finmarchicus Greenland Sea ice Subarctic Zooplankton Copepods |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/529877/1/gcb.15937.pdf Freer, Jennifer J. orcid:0000-0002-3947-9261 Daase, Malin; Tarling, Geraint A. orcid:0000-0002-3753-5899 . 2022 Modelling the biogeographic boundary shift of Calanus finmarchicus reveals drivers of Arctic Atlantification by subarctic zooplankton. Global Change Biology, 28 (2). 429-440. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937 <https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15937 |
container_title |
Global Change Biology |
container_volume |
28 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
429 |
op_container_end_page |
440 |
_version_ |
1766299945186361344 |