Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations
The Southern Ocean (SO) surface wind stress is a major atmospheric forcing for driving the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the global overturning circulation. Here the effects of wind fluctuations at different time scales on SO wind stress in eighteen models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Inter...
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American Meteorological Society
2020
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:525761 2023-05-15T13:41:44+02:00 Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations Lin, Xia Zhai, Xiaoming Wang, Zhaomin Munday, David R. 2020-02 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/1/jcli-d-19-0466_1.pdf https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 en eng American Meteorological Society https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/1/jcli-d-19-0466_1.pdf Lin, Xia; Zhai, Xiaoming; Wang, Zhaomin; Munday, David R. orcid:0000-0003-1920-708X . 2020 Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations. Journal of Climate, 33 (4). 1209-1226. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2020 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 2023-02-04T19:49:35Z The Southern Ocean (SO) surface wind stress is a major atmospheric forcing for driving the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the global overturning circulation. Here the effects of wind fluctuations at different time scales on SO wind stress in eighteen models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) are investigated. It is found that including wind fluctuations, especially on timescales associated with synoptic storms, in the stress calculation strongly enhances the mean strength, modulates the seasonal cycle, and significantly amplifies the trends of SO wind stress. In eleven out of the eighteen CMIP5 models, the SO wind stress has strengthened significantly over the period of 1960-2005. Among them, the strengthening trend of SO wind stress in one CMIP5 model is due to the increase in the intensity of wind fluctuations, while in all the other ten models the strengthening trend is due to the increasing strength of the mean westerly wind. These discrepancies in SO wind stress trend in CMIP5 models may explain some of the diverging behaviors in the model-simulated SO circulation. Our results suggest that to reduce the uncertainty in SO responses to wind stress changes in the coupled models, both the mean wind and wind fluctuations need to be better simulated. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Journal of Climate 33 4 1209 1226 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
The Southern Ocean (SO) surface wind stress is a major atmospheric forcing for driving the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the global overturning circulation. Here the effects of wind fluctuations at different time scales on SO wind stress in eighteen models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) are investigated. It is found that including wind fluctuations, especially on timescales associated with synoptic storms, in the stress calculation strongly enhances the mean strength, modulates the seasonal cycle, and significantly amplifies the trends of SO wind stress. In eleven out of the eighteen CMIP5 models, the SO wind stress has strengthened significantly over the period of 1960-2005. Among them, the strengthening trend of SO wind stress in one CMIP5 model is due to the increase in the intensity of wind fluctuations, while in all the other ten models the strengthening trend is due to the increasing strength of the mean westerly wind. These discrepancies in SO wind stress trend in CMIP5 models may explain some of the diverging behaviors in the model-simulated SO circulation. Our results suggest that to reduce the uncertainty in SO responses to wind stress changes in the coupled models, both the mean wind and wind fluctuations need to be better simulated. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Lin, Xia Zhai, Xiaoming Wang, Zhaomin Munday, David R. |
spellingShingle |
Lin, Xia Zhai, Xiaoming Wang, Zhaomin Munday, David R. Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
author_facet |
Lin, Xia Zhai, Xiaoming Wang, Zhaomin Munday, David R. |
author_sort |
Lin, Xia |
title |
Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
title_short |
Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
title_full |
Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
title_fullStr |
Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations |
title_sort |
southern ocean wind stress in cmip5 models: role of wind fluctuations |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/1/jcli-d-19-0466_1.pdf https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/525761/1/jcli-d-19-0466_1.pdf Lin, Xia; Zhai, Xiaoming; Wang, Zhaomin; Munday, David R. orcid:0000-0003-1920-708X . 2020 Southern Ocean wind stress in CMIP5 models: Role of wind fluctuations. Journal of Climate, 33 (4). 1209-1226. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0466.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
33 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1209 |
op_container_end_page |
1226 |
_version_ |
1766156179063439360 |