Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations
Air-sea and air-sea-ice fluxes in the Southern Ocean play a critical role in global climate through their impact on the overturning circulation and oceanic heat and carbon uptake. The challenging conditions in the Southern Ocean have led to sparse spatial and temporal coverage of observations. This...
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/1/fmars-06-00421.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:524622 2023-05-15T18:17:59+02:00 Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations Swart, Sebastiaan Gille, Sarah T. Delille, Bruno Josey, Simon Mazloff, Matthew Newman, Louise Thompson, Andrew F. Thomson, Jim Ward, Brian du Plessis, Marcel D. Kent, Elizabeth C. Girton, James Gregor, Luke Heil, Petra Hyder, Patrick Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi de Souza, Ronald Buss Tamsitt, Veronica Weller, Robert A. Zappa, Christopher J. 2019-07-30 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/1/fmars-06-00421.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 en eng https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/1/fmars-06-00421.pdf Swart, Sebastiaan; Gille, Sarah T.; Delille, Bruno; Josey, Simon orcid:0000-0002-1683-8831 Mazloff, Matthew; Newman, Louise; Thompson, Andrew F.; Thomson, Jim; Ward, Brian; du Plessis, Marcel D.; Kent, Elizabeth C. orcid:0000-0002-6209-4247 Girton, James; Gregor, Luke; Heil, Petra; Hyder, Patrick; Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi; de Souza, Ronald Buss; Tamsitt, Veronica; Weller, Robert A.; Zappa, Christopher J. 2019 Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421> cc_by_4 CC-BY Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 2023-02-04T19:48:57Z Air-sea and air-sea-ice fluxes in the Southern Ocean play a critical role in global climate through their impact on the overturning circulation and oceanic heat and carbon uptake. The challenging conditions in the Southern Ocean have led to sparse spatial and temporal coverage of observations. This has led to a “knowledge gap” that increases uncertainty in atmosphere and ocean dynamics and boundary-layer thermodynamic processes, impeding improvements in weather and climate models. Improvements will require both process-based research to understand the mechanisms governing air-sea exchange and a significant expansion of the observing system. This will improve flux parameterizations and reduce uncertainty associated with bulk formulae and satellite observations. Improved estimates spanning the full Southern Ocean will need to take advantage of ships, surface moorings, and the growing capabilities of autonomous platforms with robust and miniaturized sensors. A key challenge is to identify observing system sampling requirements. This requires models, Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs), and assessments of the specific spatial-temporal accuracy and resolution required for priority science and assessment of observational uncertainties of the mean state and direct flux measurements. Year-round, high-quality, quasi-continuous in situ flux measurements and observations of extreme events are needed to validate, improve and characterize uncertainties in blended reanalysis products and satellite data as well as to improve parameterizations. Building a robust observing system will require community consensus on observational methodologies, observational priorities, and effective strategies for data management and discovery. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice Southern Ocean Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Southern Ocean Frontiers in Marine Science 6 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Air-sea and air-sea-ice fluxes in the Southern Ocean play a critical role in global climate through their impact on the overturning circulation and oceanic heat and carbon uptake. The challenging conditions in the Southern Ocean have led to sparse spatial and temporal coverage of observations. This has led to a “knowledge gap” that increases uncertainty in atmosphere and ocean dynamics and boundary-layer thermodynamic processes, impeding improvements in weather and climate models. Improvements will require both process-based research to understand the mechanisms governing air-sea exchange and a significant expansion of the observing system. This will improve flux parameterizations and reduce uncertainty associated with bulk formulae and satellite observations. Improved estimates spanning the full Southern Ocean will need to take advantage of ships, surface moorings, and the growing capabilities of autonomous platforms with robust and miniaturized sensors. A key challenge is to identify observing system sampling requirements. This requires models, Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs), and assessments of the specific spatial-temporal accuracy and resolution required for priority science and assessment of observational uncertainties of the mean state and direct flux measurements. Year-round, high-quality, quasi-continuous in situ flux measurements and observations of extreme events are needed to validate, improve and characterize uncertainties in blended reanalysis products and satellite data as well as to improve parameterizations. Building a robust observing system will require community consensus on observational methodologies, observational priorities, and effective strategies for data management and discovery. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Swart, Sebastiaan Gille, Sarah T. Delille, Bruno Josey, Simon Mazloff, Matthew Newman, Louise Thompson, Andrew F. Thomson, Jim Ward, Brian du Plessis, Marcel D. Kent, Elizabeth C. Girton, James Gregor, Luke Heil, Petra Hyder, Patrick Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi de Souza, Ronald Buss Tamsitt, Veronica Weller, Robert A. Zappa, Christopher J. |
spellingShingle |
Swart, Sebastiaan Gille, Sarah T. Delille, Bruno Josey, Simon Mazloff, Matthew Newman, Louise Thompson, Andrew F. Thomson, Jim Ward, Brian du Plessis, Marcel D. Kent, Elizabeth C. Girton, James Gregor, Luke Heil, Petra Hyder, Patrick Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi de Souza, Ronald Buss Tamsitt, Veronica Weller, Robert A. Zappa, Christopher J. Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
author_facet |
Swart, Sebastiaan Gille, Sarah T. Delille, Bruno Josey, Simon Mazloff, Matthew Newman, Louise Thompson, Andrew F. Thomson, Jim Ward, Brian du Plessis, Marcel D. Kent, Elizabeth C. Girton, James Gregor, Luke Heil, Petra Hyder, Patrick Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi de Souza, Ronald Buss Tamsitt, Veronica Weller, Robert A. Zappa, Christopher J. |
author_sort |
Swart, Sebastiaan |
title |
Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
title_short |
Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
title_full |
Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
title_fullStr |
Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
title_sort |
constraining southern ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/1/fmars-06-00421.pdf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 |
geographic |
Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Southern Ocean |
genre |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/524622/1/fmars-06-00421.pdf Swart, Sebastiaan; Gille, Sarah T.; Delille, Bruno; Josey, Simon orcid:0000-0002-1683-8831 Mazloff, Matthew; Newman, Louise; Thompson, Andrew F.; Thomson, Jim; Ward, Brian; du Plessis, Marcel D.; Kent, Elizabeth C. orcid:0000-0002-6209-4247 Girton, James; Gregor, Luke; Heil, Petra; Hyder, Patrick; Pezzi, Luciano Ponzi; de Souza, Ronald Buss; Tamsitt, Veronica; Weller, Robert A.; Zappa, Christopher J. 2019 Constraining Southern Ocean air-sea-ice fluxes through enhanced observations. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00421 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
container_volume |
6 |
_version_ |
1766193840229711872 |