Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification
Organisms with long generation times require phenotypic plasticity to survive in changing environments until genetic adaptation can be achieved. Marine calcifiers are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to dissolution and a reduction in shell-building carbonate ions. Long-term experim...
Published in: | Environmental Science & Technology |
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American Chemical Society
2019
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/1/EST%20submission%20-%20Cross%20et%20al%20compensatory%20mechanisms%20in%20brachiopods%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20warming.docx https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:522747 2023-05-15T17:50:29+02:00 Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification Cross, Emma Harper, Elizabeth M. Peck, Lloyd S. 2019-05 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/1/EST%20submission%20-%20Cross%20et%20al%20compensatory%20mechanisms%20in%20brachiopods%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20warming.docx https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 en eng American Chemical Society https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/1/EST%20submission%20-%20Cross%20et%20al%20compensatory%20mechanisms%20in%20brachiopods%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20warming.docx Cross, Emma orcid:0000-0002-5855-2145 Harper, Elizabeth M.; Peck, Lloyd S. orcid:0000-0003-3479-6791 . 2019 Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification. Environmental Science & Technology, 53 (9). 5016-5026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 <https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 2023-03-10T00:02:30Z Organisms with long generation times require phenotypic plasticity to survive in changing environments until genetic adaptation can be achieved. Marine calcifiers are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to dissolution and a reduction in shell-building carbonate ions. Long-term experiments assess organisms’ abilities to acclimatise or even adapt to environmental change. Here we present an unexpected compensatory response to extensive shell dissolution in a highly calcium-carbonate-dependent organism after long-term culture in predicted end-century acidification and warming conditions. Substantial shell dissolution with decreasing pH posed a threat to both a polar (Liothyrella uva) and a temperate (Calloria inconspicua) brachiopod after 7 months and 3 months exposure, respectively, with more extensive dissolution in the polar species. This impact was reflected in decreased outer primary layer thickness in the polar brachiopod. A compensatory response of increasing inner secondary layer thickness, and thereby producing a thicker shell was exhibited by the polar species. Less extensive dissolution in the temperate brachiopod did not affect shell thickness. Increased temperature did not impact shell dissolution or thickness. Brachiopod ability to produce a thicker shell when extensive shell dissolution occurs suggests this marine calcifier has great plasticity in calcification providing insights into how similar species might cope under future environmental change. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Environmental Science & Technology 53 9 5016 5026 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Organisms with long generation times require phenotypic plasticity to survive in changing environments until genetic adaptation can be achieved. Marine calcifiers are particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to dissolution and a reduction in shell-building carbonate ions. Long-term experiments assess organisms’ abilities to acclimatise or even adapt to environmental change. Here we present an unexpected compensatory response to extensive shell dissolution in a highly calcium-carbonate-dependent organism after long-term culture in predicted end-century acidification and warming conditions. Substantial shell dissolution with decreasing pH posed a threat to both a polar (Liothyrella uva) and a temperate (Calloria inconspicua) brachiopod after 7 months and 3 months exposure, respectively, with more extensive dissolution in the polar species. This impact was reflected in decreased outer primary layer thickness in the polar brachiopod. A compensatory response of increasing inner secondary layer thickness, and thereby producing a thicker shell was exhibited by the polar species. Less extensive dissolution in the temperate brachiopod did not affect shell thickness. Increased temperature did not impact shell dissolution or thickness. Brachiopod ability to produce a thicker shell when extensive shell dissolution occurs suggests this marine calcifier has great plasticity in calcification providing insights into how similar species might cope under future environmental change. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cross, Emma Harper, Elizabeth M. Peck, Lloyd S. |
spellingShingle |
Cross, Emma Harper, Elizabeth M. Peck, Lloyd S. Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
author_facet |
Cross, Emma Harper, Elizabeth M. Peck, Lloyd S. |
author_sort |
Cross, Emma |
title |
Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
title_short |
Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
title_full |
Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
title_fullStr |
Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
title_sort |
thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification |
publisher |
American Chemical Society |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/1/EST%20submission%20-%20Cross%20et%20al%20compensatory%20mechanisms%20in%20brachiopods%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20warming.docx https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/522747/1/EST%20submission%20-%20Cross%20et%20al%20compensatory%20mechanisms%20in%20brachiopods%20to%20ocean%20acidification%20and%20warming.docx Cross, Emma orcid:0000-0002-5855-2145 Harper, Elizabeth M.; Peck, Lloyd S. orcid:0000-0003-3479-6791 . 2019 Thicker shells compensate extensive dissolution in brachiopods under future ocean acidification. Environmental Science & Technology, 53 (9). 5016-5026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 <https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00714 |
container_title |
Environmental Science & Technology |
container_volume |
53 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
5016 |
op_container_end_page |
5026 |
_version_ |
1766157248928677888 |