Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard
The salinity and water oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) of 29 first-year (FYI) and second-year (SYI) Arctic sea ice cores (total length 32.0 m) from the drifting ice pack north of Svalbard were examined to quantify the contribution of snow to sea ice mass. Five cores (total length 6.4 m) were analy...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Geophysical Union
2017
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/1/Granskog_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Oceans.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 |
id |
ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:517532 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:517532 2023-05-15T14:26:57+02:00 Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard Granskog, Mats A. Rösel, Anja Dodd, Paul A. Divine, Dmitry Gerland, Sebastian Martma, Tõnu Leng, Melanie J. 2017 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/1/Granskog_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Oceans.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 en eng American Geophysical Union https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/1/Granskog_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Oceans.pdf Granskog, Mats A.; Rösel, Anja; Dodd, Paul A.; Divine, Dmitry; Gerland, Sebastian; Martma, Tõnu; Leng, Melanie J. orcid:0000-0003-1115-5166 . 2017 Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122 (3). 2539-2549. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 <https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398> cc_by_4 CC-BY Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2017 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 2023-02-04T19:45:13Z The salinity and water oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) of 29 first-year (FYI) and second-year (SYI) Arctic sea ice cores (total length 32.0 m) from the drifting ice pack north of Svalbard were examined to quantify the contribution of snow to sea ice mass. Five cores (total length 6.4 m) were analyzed for their structural composition, showing variable contribution of 10–30% by granular ice. In these cores, snow had been entrained in 6–28% of the total ice thickness. We found evidence of snow contribution in about three quarters of the sea ice cores, when surface granular layers had very low δ18O values. Snow contributed 7.5–9.7% to sea ice mass balance on average (including also cores with no snow) based on δ18O mass balance calculations. In SYI cores, snow fraction by mass (12.7–16.3%) was much higher than in FYI cores (3.3–4.4%), while the bulk salinity of FYI (4.9) was distinctively higher than for SYI (2.7). We conclude that oxygen isotopes and salinity profiles can give information on the age of the ice and enables distinction between FYI and SYI (or older) ice in the area north of Svalbard. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice Svalbard Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Arctic Svalbard Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 122 3 2539 2549 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
The salinity and water oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) of 29 first-year (FYI) and second-year (SYI) Arctic sea ice cores (total length 32.0 m) from the drifting ice pack north of Svalbard were examined to quantify the contribution of snow to sea ice mass. Five cores (total length 6.4 m) were analyzed for their structural composition, showing variable contribution of 10–30% by granular ice. In these cores, snow had been entrained in 6–28% of the total ice thickness. We found evidence of snow contribution in about three quarters of the sea ice cores, when surface granular layers had very low δ18O values. Snow contributed 7.5–9.7% to sea ice mass balance on average (including also cores with no snow) based on δ18O mass balance calculations. In SYI cores, snow fraction by mass (12.7–16.3%) was much higher than in FYI cores (3.3–4.4%), while the bulk salinity of FYI (4.9) was distinctively higher than for SYI (2.7). We conclude that oxygen isotopes and salinity profiles can give information on the age of the ice and enables distinction between FYI and SYI (or older) ice in the area north of Svalbard. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Granskog, Mats A. Rösel, Anja Dodd, Paul A. Divine, Dmitry Gerland, Sebastian Martma, Tõnu Leng, Melanie J. |
spellingShingle |
Granskog, Mats A. Rösel, Anja Dodd, Paul A. Divine, Dmitry Gerland, Sebastian Martma, Tõnu Leng, Melanie J. Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
author_facet |
Granskog, Mats A. Rösel, Anja Dodd, Paul A. Divine, Dmitry Gerland, Sebastian Martma, Tõnu Leng, Melanie J. |
author_sort |
Granskog, Mats A. |
title |
Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
title_short |
Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
title_full |
Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
title_fullStr |
Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
title_full_unstemmed |
Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard |
title_sort |
snow contribution to first-year and second-year arctic sea ice mass balance north of svalbard |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/1/Granskog_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Oceans.pdf https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 |
geographic |
Arctic Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice Svalbard |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice Svalbard |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/517532/1/Granskog_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research__Oceans.pdf Granskog, Mats A.; Rösel, Anja; Dodd, Paul A.; Divine, Dmitry; Gerland, Sebastian; Martma, Tõnu; Leng, Melanie J. orcid:0000-0003-1115-5166 . 2017 Snow contribution to first-year and second-year Arctic sea ice mass balance north of Svalbard. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122 (3). 2539-2549. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 <https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398> |
op_rights |
cc_by_4 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JC012398 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
122 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
2539 |
op_container_end_page |
2549 |
_version_ |
1766300468940636160 |