State of the Climate in 2015
SxviAUGUST 2016|ABSTRACT—J. BLUNDEN AND D. S. ARNDTIn 2015, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all continued to reach new high levels. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the annual CO2 concentration increased by a record 3.1 ppm, exceeding 40...
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:514620 2023-05-15T14:56:45+02:00 State of the Climate in 2015 Blunden, J. Arndt, D.S. Berry, D.I. Hughes, C. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. 2016-08 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/1/2016bamsstateoftheclimate.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 en eng https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/1/2016bamsstateoftheclimate.1.pdf Blunden, J.; Arndt, D.S.; et al, .; Berry, D.I.; Hughes, C. orcid:0000-0002-9355-0233 Jevrejeva, Svetlana orcid:0000-0001-9490-4665 Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. 2016 State of the Climate in 2015. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97 (8 (Supplement)). S1-S275. https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2016 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 2023-02-04T19:43:37Z SxviAUGUST 2016|ABSTRACT—J. BLUNDEN AND D. S. ARNDTIn 2015, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all continued to reach new high levels. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the annual CO2 concentration increased by a record 3.1 ppm, exceeding 400 ppm for the first time on record. The 2015 global CO2 average neared this threshold, at 399.4 ppm. Additionally, one of the strongest El Niño events since at least 1950 developed in spring 2015 and continued to evolve through the year. The phenomenon was far reaching, impacting many regions across the globe and affecting most aspects of the climate system.Owing to the combination of El Niño and a long-term up-ward trend, Earth observed record warmth for the second con-secutive year, with the 2015 annual global surface temperature surpassing the previous record by more than 0.1°C and exceed-ing the average for the mid- to late 19th century—commonly considered representative of preindustrial conditions—by more than 1°C for the first time. Above Earth’s surface, lower troposphere temperatures were near-record high.Across land surfaces, record to near-record warmth was reported across every inhabited continent. Twelve countries, including Russia and China, reported record high annual tem-peratures. In June, one of the most severe heat waves since 1980 affected Karachi, Pakistan, claiming over 1000 lives. On 27 October, Vredendal, South Africa, reached 48.4°C, a new global high temperature record for this month. In the Arctic, the 2015 land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981–2010 average, tying 2007 and 2011 for the high-est annual temperature and representing a 2.8°C increase since the record began in 1900. Increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 25 February 2015, the lowest maximum sea ice extent in the 37-year satel-lite record was observed, 7% below the 1981–2010 average. Mean sea surface temperatures across the Arctic Ocean dur-ing August in ice-free regions, ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Arctic Arctic Ocean Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97 8 Si S275 |
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SxviAUGUST 2016|ABSTRACT—J. BLUNDEN AND D. S. ARNDTIn 2015, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all continued to reach new high levels. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the annual CO2 concentration increased by a record 3.1 ppm, exceeding 400 ppm for the first time on record. The 2015 global CO2 average neared this threshold, at 399.4 ppm. Additionally, one of the strongest El Niño events since at least 1950 developed in spring 2015 and continued to evolve through the year. The phenomenon was far reaching, impacting many regions across the globe and affecting most aspects of the climate system.Owing to the combination of El Niño and a long-term up-ward trend, Earth observed record warmth for the second con-secutive year, with the 2015 annual global surface temperature surpassing the previous record by more than 0.1°C and exceed-ing the average for the mid- to late 19th century—commonly considered representative of preindustrial conditions—by more than 1°C for the first time. Above Earth’s surface, lower troposphere temperatures were near-record high.Across land surfaces, record to near-record warmth was reported across every inhabited continent. Twelve countries, including Russia and China, reported record high annual tem-peratures. In June, one of the most severe heat waves since 1980 affected Karachi, Pakistan, claiming over 1000 lives. On 27 October, Vredendal, South Africa, reached 48.4°C, a new global high temperature record for this month. In the Arctic, the 2015 land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981–2010 average, tying 2007 and 2011 for the high-est annual temperature and representing a 2.8°C increase since the record began in 1900. Increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 25 February 2015, the lowest maximum sea ice extent in the 37-year satel-lite record was observed, 7% below the 1981–2010 average. Mean sea surface temperatures across the Arctic Ocean dur-ing August in ice-free regions, ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Blunden, J. Arndt, D.S. Berry, D.I. Hughes, C. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. |
spellingShingle |
Blunden, J. Arndt, D.S. Berry, D.I. Hughes, C. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. State of the Climate in 2015 |
author_facet |
Blunden, J. Arndt, D.S. Berry, D.I. Hughes, C. Jevrejeva, Svetlana Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. |
author_sort |
Blunden, J. |
title |
State of the Climate in 2015 |
title_short |
State of the Climate in 2015 |
title_full |
State of the Climate in 2015 |
title_fullStr |
State of the Climate in 2015 |
title_full_unstemmed |
State of the Climate in 2015 |
title_sort |
state of the climate in 2015 |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/1/2016bamsstateoftheclimate.1.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 |
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Arctic Arctic Ocean |
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Arctic Arctic Ocean |
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Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
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Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice |
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https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/514620/1/2016bamsstateoftheclimate.1.pdf Blunden, J.; Arndt, D.S.; et al, .; Berry, D.I.; Hughes, C. orcid:0000-0002-9355-0233 Jevrejeva, Svetlana orcid:0000-0001-9490-4665 Naveria Garabato, Alberto C. 2016 State of the Climate in 2015. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97 (8 (Supplement)). S1-S275. https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1> |
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https://doi.org/10.1175/2016BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 |
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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |
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97 |
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S275 |
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