Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation
Leads are cracks in sea ice that often form due to deformation. During winter months leads expose the ocean to the cold atmosphere resulting in supercooling and the formation of frazil ice crystals within the mixed layer. Here we investigate the role of frazil ice formation in leads on the mass bala...
Published in: | Journal of Physical Oceanography |
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Language: | English |
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American Meteorological Society
2015
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/1/JPO-D-14-0184.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:511054 2023-05-15T13:49:32+02:00 Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation Wilchinsky, Alexander V. Heorton, Harold D. B. S. Feltham, Daniel L. Holland, Paul R. 2015-08 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/1/JPO-D-14-0184.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 en eng American Meteorological Society https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/1/JPO-D-14-0184.pdf Wilchinsky, Alexander V.; Heorton, Harold D. B. S.; Feltham, Daniel L.; Holland, Paul R. orcid:0000-0001-8370-289X . 2015 Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (8). 2025-2047. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2015 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 2023-02-04T19:41:42Z Leads are cracks in sea ice that often form due to deformation. During winter months leads expose the ocean to the cold atmosphere resulting in supercooling and the formation of frazil ice crystals within the mixed layer. Here we investigate the role of frazil ice formation in leads on the mass balance of the sea ice pack through the incorporation of a new module into the Los Alamos sea ice model (CICE). The frazil ice module considers a initial cooling of leads followed by a steady state formation of uniformly distributed single size frazil ice crystals that precipitate to the ocean surface as grease ice. The grease ice is pushed against one of the lead edges by wind and water drag that we represent through a variable collection thickness for new sea ice. Simulations of the sea ice cover in the Arctic and Antarctic are performed and compared to a model that treats leads the same as the open ocean. The processes of ice formation in the new module slows down the refreezing of leads resulting in an longer period of frazil ice production. The fraction of frazil-derived sea ice increases from 10% to 50%, corresponding better to observations. The new module has higher ice formation rates in areas of high ice concentration and thus has a greater impact within multiyear ice than it does in the marginal seas. The thickness of sea ice in the central Arctic increases by over 0.5 m whereas within the Antarctic it remains unchanged. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic Journal of Physical Oceanography 45 8 2025 2047 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
Leads are cracks in sea ice that often form due to deformation. During winter months leads expose the ocean to the cold atmosphere resulting in supercooling and the formation of frazil ice crystals within the mixed layer. Here we investigate the role of frazil ice formation in leads on the mass balance of the sea ice pack through the incorporation of a new module into the Los Alamos sea ice model (CICE). The frazil ice module considers a initial cooling of leads followed by a steady state formation of uniformly distributed single size frazil ice crystals that precipitate to the ocean surface as grease ice. The grease ice is pushed against one of the lead edges by wind and water drag that we represent through a variable collection thickness for new sea ice. Simulations of the sea ice cover in the Arctic and Antarctic are performed and compared to a model that treats leads the same as the open ocean. The processes of ice formation in the new module slows down the refreezing of leads resulting in an longer period of frazil ice production. The fraction of frazil-derived sea ice increases from 10% to 50%, corresponding better to observations. The new module has higher ice formation rates in areas of high ice concentration and thus has a greater impact within multiyear ice than it does in the marginal seas. The thickness of sea ice in the central Arctic increases by over 0.5 m whereas within the Antarctic it remains unchanged. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wilchinsky, Alexander V. Heorton, Harold D. B. S. Feltham, Daniel L. Holland, Paul R. |
spellingShingle |
Wilchinsky, Alexander V. Heorton, Harold D. B. S. Feltham, Daniel L. Holland, Paul R. Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
author_facet |
Wilchinsky, Alexander V. Heorton, Harold D. B. S. Feltham, Daniel L. Holland, Paul R. |
author_sort |
Wilchinsky, Alexander V. |
title |
Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
title_short |
Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
title_full |
Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
title_fullStr |
Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
title_sort |
study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/1/JPO-D-14-0184.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 |
geographic |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic ice pack Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/511054/1/JPO-D-14-0184.pdf Wilchinsky, Alexander V.; Heorton, Harold D. B. S.; Feltham, Daniel L.; Holland, Paul R. orcid:0000-0001-8370-289X . 2015 Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterisation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (8). 2025-2047. https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Physical Oceanography |
container_volume |
45 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
2025 |
op_container_end_page |
2047 |
_version_ |
1766251498244669440 |