Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions
Year-round aerosol samples collected in the boundary layer at coastal Antarctic sites (Dumont D'Urville, Neumayer, and Halley) indicate a seasonal cycle of ammonium concentrations with a minimum in winter (April–September). A large intersite difference appears in the summer (November–February)...
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American Geophysical Union
1998
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/504171/ https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:504171 2023-05-15T13:48:08+02:00 Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions Legrand, Michel Ducroz, François Wagenbach, Dietmar Mulvaney, Robert Hall, Julie 1998 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/504171/ https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 unknown American Geophysical Union Legrand, Michel; Ducroz, François; Wagenbach, Dietmar; Mulvaney, Robert orcid:0000-0002-5372-8148 Hall, Julie. 1998 Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103 (D9). 11043-11056. https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 <https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 1998 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 2023-02-04T19:38:15Z Year-round aerosol samples collected in the boundary layer at coastal Antarctic sites (Dumont D'Urville, Neumayer, and Halley) indicate a seasonal cycle of ammonium concentrations with a minimum in winter (April–September). A large intersite difference appears in the summer (November–February) maxima values, from ∼12.5 ng m−3 at Neumayer to 140–230 ng m−3 at Dumont D'Urville. At Dumont D'Urville, ammonium concentrations are the largest ever reported from Antarctic sites, and the large summer maxima are associated with large enrichments with respect to sea salt for potassium and calcium. In addition, seasonal ammonium variations at Dumont D'Urville are in phase with a well-marked seasonal cycle of oxalate concentrations which exhibit maxima of 5–10 ng m−3 in spring and summer and minima of less than 0.5 ng m−3 in winter. Such a composition of aerosols present in the boundary layer at Dumont D'Urville in summer is linked to the presence of a large Adélie penguin population from the end of October to March at the site. Ornithogenic soils (defined as guano-enriched soils), together with the bacterial decomposition of uric acid, are a source of ammonium, oxalate, and cation (such as potassium and calcium) aerosol, in addition to a subsequent large ammonia loss from ornithogenic soils to the atmosphere. The total breeding population of 5 million Adélie penguins widely distributed around the Antarctic continent may emit, at most, some 2.5 × 10−4 Mt of NH3-N during the summer months. In contrast, Halley and Neumayer Stations are far less exposed to penguin colony emissions. At Neumayer, ammonium concentrations peak from January to March and are in phase with the increase of biogenic sulfur species. Here the NH4+/(MSA + nss SO4−) molar ratio is close to 13% in summer aerosol and to 40% in winter aerosol. Using this summer ratio, which may be related to ammonia and sulfur oceanic emissions occurring south of 50°S in summer and estimated DMS emissions in these regions at this time, we derive an upper limit of 0.064 Mt ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic The Antarctic Neumayer Dumont d'Urville ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) Dumont-d'Urville ENVELOPE(140.013,140.013,-66.667,-66.667) Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 103 D9 11043 11056 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
unknown |
description |
Year-round aerosol samples collected in the boundary layer at coastal Antarctic sites (Dumont D'Urville, Neumayer, and Halley) indicate a seasonal cycle of ammonium concentrations with a minimum in winter (April–September). A large intersite difference appears in the summer (November–February) maxima values, from ∼12.5 ng m−3 at Neumayer to 140–230 ng m−3 at Dumont D'Urville. At Dumont D'Urville, ammonium concentrations are the largest ever reported from Antarctic sites, and the large summer maxima are associated with large enrichments with respect to sea salt for potassium and calcium. In addition, seasonal ammonium variations at Dumont D'Urville are in phase with a well-marked seasonal cycle of oxalate concentrations which exhibit maxima of 5–10 ng m−3 in spring and summer and minima of less than 0.5 ng m−3 in winter. Such a composition of aerosols present in the boundary layer at Dumont D'Urville in summer is linked to the presence of a large Adélie penguin population from the end of October to March at the site. Ornithogenic soils (defined as guano-enriched soils), together with the bacterial decomposition of uric acid, are a source of ammonium, oxalate, and cation (such as potassium and calcium) aerosol, in addition to a subsequent large ammonia loss from ornithogenic soils to the atmosphere. The total breeding population of 5 million Adélie penguins widely distributed around the Antarctic continent may emit, at most, some 2.5 × 10−4 Mt of NH3-N during the summer months. In contrast, Halley and Neumayer Stations are far less exposed to penguin colony emissions. At Neumayer, ammonium concentrations peak from January to March and are in phase with the increase of biogenic sulfur species. Here the NH4+/(MSA + nss SO4−) molar ratio is close to 13% in summer aerosol and to 40% in winter aerosol. Using this summer ratio, which may be related to ammonia and sulfur oceanic emissions occurring south of 50°S in summer and estimated DMS emissions in these regions at this time, we derive an upper limit of 0.064 Mt ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Legrand, Michel Ducroz, François Wagenbach, Dietmar Mulvaney, Robert Hall, Julie |
spellingShingle |
Legrand, Michel Ducroz, François Wagenbach, Dietmar Mulvaney, Robert Hall, Julie Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
author_facet |
Legrand, Michel Ducroz, François Wagenbach, Dietmar Mulvaney, Robert Hall, Julie |
author_sort |
Legrand, Michel |
title |
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
title_short |
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
title_full |
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
title_fullStr |
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
title_sort |
ammonium in coastal antarctic aerosol and snow: role of polar ocean and penguin emissions |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
1998 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/504171/ https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) ENVELOPE(140.013,140.013,-66.667,-66.667) ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Neumayer Dumont d'Urville Dumont-d'Urville Guano |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Neumayer Dumont d'Urville Dumont-d'Urville Guano |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
Legrand, Michel; Ducroz, François; Wagenbach, Dietmar; Mulvaney, Robert orcid:0000-0002-5372-8148 Hall, Julie. 1998 Ammonium in coastal Antarctic aerosol and snow: Role of polar ocean and penguin emissions. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103 (D9). 11043-11056. https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 <https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD01976 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
103 |
container_issue |
D9 |
container_start_page |
11043 |
op_container_end_page |
11056 |
_version_ |
1766248723898171392 |