West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition
The extent, duration, and seasonality of sea ice and glacial discharge strongly influence Antarctic marine ecosystems. Most organisms' life cycles in this region are attuned to ice seasonality. The annual retreat and melting of sea ice in the austral spring stratifies the upper ocean, triggerin...
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2013
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:501743 2023-05-15T13:48:07+02:00 West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition Ducklow, Hugh W. Fraser, William R. Meredith, Michael P. Stammerjohn, Sharon E. Doney, Scott C. Martinson, Douglas G. Sailley, Sevrine F. Schofield, Oscar M. Steinberg, Deborah K. Venables, Hugh J. Amsler, Charles D. 2013-09 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/1/Palmer%20LTER%20An%20ice-dependent%20coastal%20ecosystem%20in%20transition.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/2/PAL%20Oceanography%20figures.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/13/26-3_ducklow.pdf en eng https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/1/Palmer%20LTER%20An%20ice-dependent%20coastal%20ecosystem%20in%20transition.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/2/PAL%20Oceanography%20figures.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/13/26-3_ducklow.pdf Ducklow, Hugh W.; Fraser, William R.; Meredith, Michael P. orcid:0000-0002-7342-7756 Stammerjohn, Sharon E.; Doney, Scott C.; Martinson, Douglas G.; Sailley, Sevrine F.; Schofield, Oscar M.; Steinberg, Deborah K.; Venables, Hugh J.; Amsler, Charles D. 2013 West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition. Oceanography, 26 (3). 190-203. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62 <https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2013 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62 2023-02-04T19:36:52Z The extent, duration, and seasonality of sea ice and glacial discharge strongly influence Antarctic marine ecosystems. Most organisms' life cycles in this region are attuned to ice seasonality. The annual retreat and melting of sea ice in the austral spring stratifies the upper ocean, triggering large phytoplankton blooms. The magnitude of the blooms is proportional to the winter extent of ice cover, which can act as a barrier to wind mixing. Antarctic krill, one of the most abundant metazoan populations on Earth, consume phytoplankton blooms dominated by large diatoms. Krill, in turn, support a large biomass of predators, including penguins, seals, and whales. Human activity has altered even these remote ecosystems. The western Antarctic Peninsula region has warmed by 7°C over the past 50 years, and sea ice duration has declined by almost 100 days since 1978, causing a decrease in phytoplankton productivity in the northern peninsula region. Besides climate change, Antarctic marine systems have been greatly altered by harvesting of the great whales and now krill. It is unclear to what extent the ecosystems we observe today differ from the pristine state. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral Oceanography 26 3 190 203 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
description |
The extent, duration, and seasonality of sea ice and glacial discharge strongly influence Antarctic marine ecosystems. Most organisms' life cycles in this region are attuned to ice seasonality. The annual retreat and melting of sea ice in the austral spring stratifies the upper ocean, triggering large phytoplankton blooms. The magnitude of the blooms is proportional to the winter extent of ice cover, which can act as a barrier to wind mixing. Antarctic krill, one of the most abundant metazoan populations on Earth, consume phytoplankton blooms dominated by large diatoms. Krill, in turn, support a large biomass of predators, including penguins, seals, and whales. Human activity has altered even these remote ecosystems. The western Antarctic Peninsula region has warmed by 7°C over the past 50 years, and sea ice duration has declined by almost 100 days since 1978, causing a decrease in phytoplankton productivity in the northern peninsula region. Besides climate change, Antarctic marine systems have been greatly altered by harvesting of the great whales and now krill. It is unclear to what extent the ecosystems we observe today differ from the pristine state. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ducklow, Hugh W. Fraser, William R. Meredith, Michael P. Stammerjohn, Sharon E. Doney, Scott C. Martinson, Douglas G. Sailley, Sevrine F. Schofield, Oscar M. Steinberg, Deborah K. Venables, Hugh J. Amsler, Charles D. |
spellingShingle |
Ducklow, Hugh W. Fraser, William R. Meredith, Michael P. Stammerjohn, Sharon E. Doney, Scott C. Martinson, Douglas G. Sailley, Sevrine F. Schofield, Oscar M. Steinberg, Deborah K. Venables, Hugh J. Amsler, Charles D. West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
author_facet |
Ducklow, Hugh W. Fraser, William R. Meredith, Michael P. Stammerjohn, Sharon E. Doney, Scott C. Martinson, Douglas G. Sailley, Sevrine F. Schofield, Oscar M. Steinberg, Deborah K. Venables, Hugh J. Amsler, Charles D. |
author_sort |
Ducklow, Hugh W. |
title |
West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
title_short |
West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
title_full |
West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
title_fullStr |
West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
title_full_unstemmed |
West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
title_sort |
west antarctic peninsula: an ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/1/Palmer%20LTER%20An%20ice-dependent%20coastal%20ecosystem%20in%20transition.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/2/PAL%20Oceanography%20figures.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/13/26-3_ducklow.pdf |
geographic |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Antarctic Peninsula Austral |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Antarctic Peninsula Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/1/Palmer%20LTER%20An%20ice-dependent%20coastal%20ecosystem%20in%20transition.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/2/PAL%20Oceanography%20figures.pdf https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/501743/13/26-3_ducklow.pdf Ducklow, Hugh W.; Fraser, William R.; Meredith, Michael P. orcid:0000-0002-7342-7756 Stammerjohn, Sharon E.; Doney, Scott C.; Martinson, Douglas G.; Sailley, Sevrine F.; Schofield, Oscar M.; Steinberg, Deborah K.; Venables, Hugh J.; Amsler, Charles D. 2013 West Antarctic Peninsula: An ice-dependent coastal marine ecosystem in transition. Oceanography, 26 (3). 190-203. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62 <https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2013.62 |
container_title |
Oceanography |
container_volume |
26 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
190 |
op_container_end_page |
203 |
_version_ |
1766248640221806592 |