Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005
The Southern Ocean hosts the formation of the densest layers of the oceanic overturning circulation, and provides a climatically sensitive element of deep ocean ventilation. An oceanographic section across the eastern Scotia Sea occupied in 1995, 1999 and 2005 reveals significant variability in the...
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American Meteorological Society
2008
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:3686 2024-06-09T07:49:25+00:00 Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 Meredith, Michael P. Naveira Garabato, Alberto C. Gordon, Arnold L. Johnson, Gregory C. 2008 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/1/a23%5E3paper_14Dec2007_doublespaced.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 en eng American Meteorological Society https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/1/a23%5E3paper_14Dec2007_doublespaced.pdf Meredith, Michael P. orcid:0000-0002-7342-7756 Naveira Garabato, Alberto C.; Gordon, Arnold L.; Johnson, Gregory C. 2008 Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005. Journal of Climate, 21 (13). 3327-3343. https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1> Marine Sciences Meteorology and Climatology Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2008 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 2024-05-15T08:46:53Z The Southern Ocean hosts the formation of the densest layers of the oceanic overturning circulation, and provides a climatically sensitive element of deep ocean ventilation. An oceanographic section across the eastern Scotia Sea occupied in 1995, 1999 and 2005 reveals significant variability in the deep and bottom waters of Southern Ocean origin. Warming (~0.1ºC) of the warm mid-layer waters in the Scotia Sea between 1995 and 1999 reversed through to 2005, reflecting changes seen earlier upstream in the Weddell Sea. The volume of deep waters with potential temperature less than 0ºC decreased during 1995-2005, though such a reduction was only clear between 1995 and 1999 at the southern end of the section. The abyssal waters of the eastern Scotia Sea apparently changed circulation between 1995 and 1999, with the dominant point of their entry to the basin shifting from the south to the northeast; by 2005, the former route had regained dominance. These changes are best explained by interannual variations in the deep waters exiting the Weddell Sea, superimposed on a longer-term (decadal) warming trend. The interannual variations are related to changes in the strength of the Weddell Gyre, reflecting large-scale atmospheric variability that may include the El Niño / Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The Scotia Sea is the most direct pathway for dense waters of the overturning circulation emanating from the Weddell Sea to fill much of the world ocean abyss. The regional changes reported here have the potential to affect the climatically significant ventilation of the global ocean abyss. Article in Journal/Newspaper Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Sea Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea Journal of Climate 21 13 3327 3343 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
topic |
Marine Sciences Meteorology and Climatology |
spellingShingle |
Marine Sciences Meteorology and Climatology Meredith, Michael P. Naveira Garabato, Alberto C. Gordon, Arnold L. Johnson, Gregory C. Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
topic_facet |
Marine Sciences Meteorology and Climatology |
description |
The Southern Ocean hosts the formation of the densest layers of the oceanic overturning circulation, and provides a climatically sensitive element of deep ocean ventilation. An oceanographic section across the eastern Scotia Sea occupied in 1995, 1999 and 2005 reveals significant variability in the deep and bottom waters of Southern Ocean origin. Warming (~0.1ºC) of the warm mid-layer waters in the Scotia Sea between 1995 and 1999 reversed through to 2005, reflecting changes seen earlier upstream in the Weddell Sea. The volume of deep waters with potential temperature less than 0ºC decreased during 1995-2005, though such a reduction was only clear between 1995 and 1999 at the southern end of the section. The abyssal waters of the eastern Scotia Sea apparently changed circulation between 1995 and 1999, with the dominant point of their entry to the basin shifting from the south to the northeast; by 2005, the former route had regained dominance. These changes are best explained by interannual variations in the deep waters exiting the Weddell Sea, superimposed on a longer-term (decadal) warming trend. The interannual variations are related to changes in the strength of the Weddell Gyre, reflecting large-scale atmospheric variability that may include the El Niño / Southern Oscillation phenomenon. The Scotia Sea is the most direct pathway for dense waters of the overturning circulation emanating from the Weddell Sea to fill much of the world ocean abyss. The regional changes reported here have the potential to affect the climatically significant ventilation of the global ocean abyss. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Meredith, Michael P. Naveira Garabato, Alberto C. Gordon, Arnold L. Johnson, Gregory C. |
author_facet |
Meredith, Michael P. Naveira Garabato, Alberto C. Gordon, Arnold L. Johnson, Gregory C. |
author_sort |
Meredith, Michael P. |
title |
Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
title_short |
Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
title_full |
Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005 |
title_sort |
evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the scotia sea, southern ocean, during 1995-2005 |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/1/a23%5E3paper_14Dec2007_doublespaced.pdf https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 |
geographic |
Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Scotia Sea Southern Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3686/1/a23%5E3paper_14Dec2007_doublespaced.pdf Meredith, Michael P. orcid:0000-0002-7342-7756 Naveira Garabato, Alberto C.; Gordon, Arnold L.; Johnson, Gregory C. 2008 Evolution of the deep and bottom waters of the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean, during 1995-2005. Journal of Climate, 21 (13). 3327-3343. https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JCLI2238.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
21 |
container_issue |
13 |
container_start_page |
3327 |
op_container_end_page |
3343 |
_version_ |
1801381972725989376 |