Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate
The ICES Report on Ocean Climate presents the latest information on the status and trends of sea temperature and salinity in the North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. It is the main product of the ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, published annually. Bringing together multiple time-series from ac...
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:309075 2023-05-15T17:24:22+02:00 Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate Hughes, S. Holliday, N.P. Gaillard, F. ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . 2012-07 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/309075/ unknown Hughes, S.; Holliday, N.P. orcid:0000-0002-9733-8002 Gaillard, F.; ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . 2012 Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69 (5). 706-719. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044 <https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044> Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2012 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044 2023-02-04T19:35:57Z The ICES Report on Ocean Climate presents the latest information on the status and trends of sea temperature and salinity in the North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. It is the main product of the ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, published annually. Bringing together multiple time-series from across the ICES and NAFO regions offers insight into the concurrent spatial and temporal trends in ocean temperature and salinity. This paper presents an overview of the physical variability in the North Atlantic Ocean at decadal and longer time-scales and reviews the current state of understanding of the causes and mechanisms of this variability. Between the 1960s and the 1990s, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index increased from a persistent negative phase in the 1960s to a strong positive phase during the 1980s and early 1990s. However, during the decade 2000–2009, because of shifts in atmospheric pressure patterns, the NAO was weak and the NAO index was not a good indicator of atmospheric forcing. Marked changes were also observed in oceanographic indices such as the Subpolar Gyre index during the mid-1990s and, as a consequence, conditions in the decade 2000–2009 have been very different from those of the previous four decades. Article in Journal/Newspaper Nordic Seas North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive ICES Journal of Marine Science 69 5 706 719 |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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description |
The ICES Report on Ocean Climate presents the latest information on the status and trends of sea temperature and salinity in the North Atlantic and Nordic Seas. It is the main product of the ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, published annually. Bringing together multiple time-series from across the ICES and NAFO regions offers insight into the concurrent spatial and temporal trends in ocean temperature and salinity. This paper presents an overview of the physical variability in the North Atlantic Ocean at decadal and longer time-scales and reviews the current state of understanding of the causes and mechanisms of this variability. Between the 1960s and the 1990s, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index increased from a persistent negative phase in the 1960s to a strong positive phase during the 1980s and early 1990s. However, during the decade 2000–2009, because of shifts in atmospheric pressure patterns, the NAO was weak and the NAO index was not a good indicator of atmospheric forcing. Marked changes were also observed in oceanographic indices such as the Subpolar Gyre index during the mid-1990s and, as a consequence, conditions in the decade 2000–2009 have been very different from those of the previous four decades. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hughes, S. Holliday, N.P. Gaillard, F. ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . |
spellingShingle |
Hughes, S. Holliday, N.P. Gaillard, F. ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
author_facet |
Hughes, S. Holliday, N.P. Gaillard, F. ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . |
author_sort |
Hughes, S. |
title |
Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
title_short |
Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
title_full |
Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
title_fullStr |
Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate |
title_sort |
variability in the ices/nafo region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ices report on ocean climate |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/309075/ |
genre |
Nordic Seas North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Nordic Seas North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Hughes, S.; Holliday, N.P. orcid:0000-0002-9733-8002 Gaillard, F.; ICES Working Group on Oceanic Hydrography, . 2012 Variability in the ICES/NAFO region between 1950 and 2009: observations from the ICES Report on Ocean Climate. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69 (5). 706-719. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044 <https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss044 |
container_title |
ICES Journal of Marine Science |
container_volume |
69 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
706 |
op_container_end_page |
719 |
_version_ |
1766115340432965632 |