Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections
We examine the limitations of a semiempirical model characterized by a sea level projection of 73 cm with RCP4.5 scenario by 2100. Calibrating the model with data to 1990 and then simulating the period 1993–2009 produces sea level in close agreement with acceleration in sea level rise observed by sa...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
2012
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20893/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 |
id |
ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:20893 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:20893 2023-05-15T13:45:12+02:00 Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections Jevrejeva, S. Moore, J.C. Grinsted, A. 2012-10 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20893/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 unknown Jevrejeva, S. orcid:0000-0001-9490-4665 Moore, J.C.; Grinsted, A. 2012 Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (D20). D00U09. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704> Marine Sciences Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2012 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 2023-02-04T19:33:08Z We examine the limitations of a semiempirical model characterized by a sea level projection of 73 cm with RCP4.5 scenario by 2100. Calibrating the model with data to 1990 and then simulating the period 1993–2009 produces sea level in close agreement with acceleration in sea level rise observed by satellite altimetry. Nonradiative forcing contributors, such as long-term adjustment of Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets since Last Glacial Maximum, abyssal ocean warming, and terrestrial water storage, may bias model calibration which, if corrected for, tend to reduce median sea level projections at 2100 by 2–10 cm, though this is within the confidence interval. We apply the semiempirical approach to simulate individual contributions from thermal expansion and small glacier melting. Steric sea level projections agree within 3 cm of output from process-based climate models. In contrast, semiempirical simulation of melting from glaciers is 26 cm, which is twice large as estimates from some process-based models; however, all process models lack simulation of calving, which likely accounts for 50% of small glacier mass loss worldwide. Furthermore, we suggest that changes in surface mass balance and dynamics of Greenland ice sheet made contributions to the sea level rise in the early 20th century and therefore are included within the semiempirical model calibration period and hence are included in semiempirical sea level projections by 2100. Antarctic response is probably absent from semiempirical models, which will lead to a underestimate in sea level rise if, as is probable, Antarctica loses mass by 2100. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Greenland Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 117 D20 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Marine Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Marine Sciences Jevrejeva, S. Moore, J.C. Grinsted, A. Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
topic_facet |
Marine Sciences |
description |
We examine the limitations of a semiempirical model characterized by a sea level projection of 73 cm with RCP4.5 scenario by 2100. Calibrating the model with data to 1990 and then simulating the period 1993–2009 produces sea level in close agreement with acceleration in sea level rise observed by satellite altimetry. Nonradiative forcing contributors, such as long-term adjustment of Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets since Last Glacial Maximum, abyssal ocean warming, and terrestrial water storage, may bias model calibration which, if corrected for, tend to reduce median sea level projections at 2100 by 2–10 cm, though this is within the confidence interval. We apply the semiempirical approach to simulate individual contributions from thermal expansion and small glacier melting. Steric sea level projections agree within 3 cm of output from process-based climate models. In contrast, semiempirical simulation of melting from glaciers is 26 cm, which is twice large as estimates from some process-based models; however, all process models lack simulation of calving, which likely accounts for 50% of small glacier mass loss worldwide. Furthermore, we suggest that changes in surface mass balance and dynamics of Greenland ice sheet made contributions to the sea level rise in the early 20th century and therefore are included within the semiempirical model calibration period and hence are included in semiempirical sea level projections by 2100. Antarctic response is probably absent from semiempirical models, which will lead to a underestimate in sea level rise if, as is probable, Antarctica loses mass by 2100. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Jevrejeva, S. Moore, J.C. Grinsted, A. |
author_facet |
Jevrejeva, S. Moore, J.C. Grinsted, A. |
author_sort |
Jevrejeva, S. |
title |
Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
title_short |
Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
title_full |
Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
title_fullStr |
Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
title_full_unstemmed |
Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
title_sort |
potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20893/ https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 |
geographic |
Antarctic Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Greenland |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica glacier Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
Jevrejeva, S. orcid:0000-0001-9490-4665 Moore, J.C.; Grinsted, A. 2012 Potential for bias in 21st century semiempirical sea level projections. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117 (D20). D00U09. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017704 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
117 |
container_issue |
D20 |
_version_ |
1766217258749657088 |