The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating
Aim To carry out as comprehensive a survey as practicable of the flora (higher plants, mosses, liverworts, lichens, basidiomycete fungi and diatoms) of the isolated, volcanically active, South Sandwich Islands archipelago in the southern South Atlantic. To relate the components of this flora to (1)...
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2000
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20466/ https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:20466 2023-05-15T14:02:21+02:00 The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating Convey, P. Smith, R.I.L. Hodgson, D.A. Peat, H.P. 2000 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20466/ https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x unknown Blackwell Convey, P. orcid:0000-0001-8497-9903 Smith, R.I.L.; Hodgson, D.A. orcid:0000-0002-3841-3746 Peat, H.P. orcid:0000-0003-2017-8597 . 2000 The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating. Journal of Biogeography, 27 (6). 1279-1295. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x <https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x> Botany Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2000 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x 2023-03-03T00:02:17Z Aim To carry out as comprehensive a survey as practicable of the flora (higher plants, mosses, liverworts, lichens, basidiomycete fungi and diatoms) of the isolated, volcanically active, South Sandwich Islands archipelago in the southern South Atlantic. To relate the components of this flora to (1) the influence of local geothermal heating and (2) wider regional floras. Location South Sandwich Islands, southern South Atlantic Ocean, maritime Antarctic (56–60° S, 26–28° W). Methods Ice-free accessible sites on all 11 of the major islands in the archipelago were visited by helicopter in January 1997. During each visit, voucher specimens of each floral group were collected. The comprehensiveness of collections obtained at each site varied with the duration of each visit (a function of tight logistic constraints) and extent of site. Visit duration varied from 1 to 9 h at most sites, with longer periods spent on Bellingshausen Island (2 days) and Leskov Island (1 day). Candlemas Island was examined in greater detail over a 4-week period in February 1997. At all sites, particular attention was given to areas influenced by geothermal heating. Results Data obtained in 1997 are combined with updated records from the only previous survey (in 1964) to provide a baseline description of the flora of the archipelago, which currently includes 1 phanerogam, 38 mosses, 11 liverworts, 5 basidiomycete fungi, 41 lichenised fungi and 16 diatoms with, additionally, several taxa identified only to genus. Major elements of the moss and liverwort floras are composed of South American taxa (32% and 73%, respectively), with a further 45% of mosses having bipolar or cosmopolitan distributions. These two groups show low levels of Antarctic endemicity (11% and 18%, respectively). In contrast, 52% of lichens and 80% of basidiomycete fungi are endemic to the Antarctic. A further 36% of lichens are bipolar/cosmopolitan, with only 5% of South American origin. Main Conclusions The flora of the South Sandwich Islands is clearly derived from those ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Bellingshausen Island Candlemas Island Leskov Island South Atlantic Ocean South Sandwich Islands Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic The Antarctic Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Candlemas Island ENVELOPE(-26.673,-26.673,-57.082,-57.082) Leskov Island ENVELOPE(85.167,85.167,-66.600,-66.600) Bellingshausen Island ENVELOPE(-27.050,-27.050,-59.417,-59.417) Journal of Biogeography 27 6 1279 1295 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Botany |
spellingShingle |
Botany Convey, P. Smith, R.I.L. Hodgson, D.A. Peat, H.P. The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
topic_facet |
Botany |
description |
Aim To carry out as comprehensive a survey as practicable of the flora (higher plants, mosses, liverworts, lichens, basidiomycete fungi and diatoms) of the isolated, volcanically active, South Sandwich Islands archipelago in the southern South Atlantic. To relate the components of this flora to (1) the influence of local geothermal heating and (2) wider regional floras. Location South Sandwich Islands, southern South Atlantic Ocean, maritime Antarctic (56–60° S, 26–28° W). Methods Ice-free accessible sites on all 11 of the major islands in the archipelago were visited by helicopter in January 1997. During each visit, voucher specimens of each floral group were collected. The comprehensiveness of collections obtained at each site varied with the duration of each visit (a function of tight logistic constraints) and extent of site. Visit duration varied from 1 to 9 h at most sites, with longer periods spent on Bellingshausen Island (2 days) and Leskov Island (1 day). Candlemas Island was examined in greater detail over a 4-week period in February 1997. At all sites, particular attention was given to areas influenced by geothermal heating. Results Data obtained in 1997 are combined with updated records from the only previous survey (in 1964) to provide a baseline description of the flora of the archipelago, which currently includes 1 phanerogam, 38 mosses, 11 liverworts, 5 basidiomycete fungi, 41 lichenised fungi and 16 diatoms with, additionally, several taxa identified only to genus. Major elements of the moss and liverwort floras are composed of South American taxa (32% and 73%, respectively), with a further 45% of mosses having bipolar or cosmopolitan distributions. These two groups show low levels of Antarctic endemicity (11% and 18%, respectively). In contrast, 52% of lichens and 80% of basidiomycete fungi are endemic to the Antarctic. A further 36% of lichens are bipolar/cosmopolitan, with only 5% of South American origin. Main Conclusions The flora of the South Sandwich Islands is clearly derived from those ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Convey, P. Smith, R.I.L. Hodgson, D.A. Peat, H.P. |
author_facet |
Convey, P. Smith, R.I.L. Hodgson, D.A. Peat, H.P. |
author_sort |
Convey, P. |
title |
The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
title_short |
The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
title_full |
The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
title_fullStr |
The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
title_full_unstemmed |
The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
title_sort |
flora of the south sandwich islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating |
publisher |
Blackwell |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/20466/ https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-26.673,-26.673,-57.082,-57.082) ENVELOPE(85.167,85.167,-66.600,-66.600) ENVELOPE(-27.050,-27.050,-59.417,-59.417) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Candlemas Island Leskov Island Bellingshausen Island |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Sandwich Islands South Sandwich Islands Candlemas Island Leskov Island Bellingshausen Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Bellingshausen Island Candlemas Island Leskov Island South Atlantic Ocean South Sandwich Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Bellingshausen Island Candlemas Island Leskov Island South Atlantic Ocean South Sandwich Islands |
op_relation |
Convey, P. orcid:0000-0001-8497-9903 Smith, R.I.L.; Hodgson, D.A. orcid:0000-0002-3841-3746 Peat, H.P. orcid:0000-0003-2017-8597 . 2000 The flora of the South Sandwich Islands, with particular reference to the influence of geothermal heating. Journal of Biogeography, 27 (6). 1279-1295. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x <https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00512.x |
container_title |
Journal of Biogeography |
container_volume |
27 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1279 |
op_container_end_page |
1295 |
_version_ |
1766272583145095168 |