Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos
Coastal hypoxia (defined here as <1.42 ml L−1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L−1, approx. 30% oxygen saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result of natural upwelling or from anthropogenic eutrophication induced by riverine nutrient inputs. Permanent hypoxia occurs...
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:171756 2023-05-15T17:35:21+02:00 Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos Levin, L.A. Ekau, W. Gooday, A.J. Jorissen, F. Middelburg, J.J. Naqvi, S.W.A. Neira, C. Rabalais, N.N. Zhang, J. 2009 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/171756/ http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/2063/2009/bg-6-2063-2009.pdf unknown Levin, L.A.; Ekau, W.; Gooday, A.J. orcid:0000-0002-5661-7371 Jorissen, F.; Middelburg, J.J.; Naqvi, S.W.A.; Neira, C.; Rabalais, N.N.; Zhang, J. 2009 Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos. Biogeosciences, 6 (10). 2063-2098. Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2009 ftnerc 2023-02-04T19:35:33Z Coastal hypoxia (defined here as <1.42 ml L−1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L−1, approx. 30% oxygen saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result of natural upwelling or from anthropogenic eutrophication induced by riverine nutrient inputs. Permanent hypoxia occurs naturally in some isolated seas and marine basins as well as in open slope oxygen minimum zones. Responses of benthos to hypoxia depend on the duration, predictability, and intensity of oxygen depletion and on whether H2S is formed. Under suboxic conditions, large mats of filamentous sulfide oxidizing bacteria cover the seabed and consume sulfide. They are hypothesized to provide a detoxified microhabitat for eukaryotic benthic communities. Calcareous foraminiferans and nematodes are particularly tolerant of low oxygen concentrations and may attain high densities and dominance, often in association with microbial mats. When oxygen is sufficient to support metazoans, small, soft-bodied invertebrates (typically annelids), often with short generation times and elaborate branchial structures, predominate. Large taxa are more sensitive than small taxa to hypoxia. Crustaceans and echinoderms are typically more sensitive to hypoxia, with lower oxygen thresholds, than annelids, sipunculans, molluscs and cnidarians. Mobile fish and shellfish will migrate away from low-oxygen areas. Within a species, early life stages may be more subject to oxygen stress than older life stages. Hypoxia alters both the structure and function of benthic communities, but effects may differ with regional hypoxia history. Human-caused hypoxia is generally linked to eutrophication, and occurs adjacent to watersheds with large populations or agricultural activities. Many occurrences are seasonal, within estuaries, fjords or enclosed seas of the North Atlantic and the NW Pacific Oceans. Benthic faunal responses, elicited at oxygen levels below 2 ml L−1, typically involve avoidance or mortality of large species and elevated abundances of enrichment ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Pacific |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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ftnerc |
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Coastal hypoxia (defined here as <1.42 ml L−1; 62.5 μM; 2 mg L−1, approx. 30% oxygen saturation) develops seasonally in many estuaries, fjords, and along open coasts as a result of natural upwelling or from anthropogenic eutrophication induced by riverine nutrient inputs. Permanent hypoxia occurs naturally in some isolated seas and marine basins as well as in open slope oxygen minimum zones. Responses of benthos to hypoxia depend on the duration, predictability, and intensity of oxygen depletion and on whether H2S is formed. Under suboxic conditions, large mats of filamentous sulfide oxidizing bacteria cover the seabed and consume sulfide. They are hypothesized to provide a detoxified microhabitat for eukaryotic benthic communities. Calcareous foraminiferans and nematodes are particularly tolerant of low oxygen concentrations and may attain high densities and dominance, often in association with microbial mats. When oxygen is sufficient to support metazoans, small, soft-bodied invertebrates (typically annelids), often with short generation times and elaborate branchial structures, predominate. Large taxa are more sensitive than small taxa to hypoxia. Crustaceans and echinoderms are typically more sensitive to hypoxia, with lower oxygen thresholds, than annelids, sipunculans, molluscs and cnidarians. Mobile fish and shellfish will migrate away from low-oxygen areas. Within a species, early life stages may be more subject to oxygen stress than older life stages. Hypoxia alters both the structure and function of benthic communities, but effects may differ with regional hypoxia history. Human-caused hypoxia is generally linked to eutrophication, and occurs adjacent to watersheds with large populations or agricultural activities. Many occurrences are seasonal, within estuaries, fjords or enclosed seas of the North Atlantic and the NW Pacific Oceans. Benthic faunal responses, elicited at oxygen levels below 2 ml L−1, typically involve avoidance or mortality of large species and elevated abundances of enrichment ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Levin, L.A. Ekau, W. Gooday, A.J. Jorissen, F. Middelburg, J.J. Naqvi, S.W.A. Neira, C. Rabalais, N.N. Zhang, J. |
spellingShingle |
Levin, L.A. Ekau, W. Gooday, A.J. Jorissen, F. Middelburg, J.J. Naqvi, S.W.A. Neira, C. Rabalais, N.N. Zhang, J. Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
author_facet |
Levin, L.A. Ekau, W. Gooday, A.J. Jorissen, F. Middelburg, J.J. Naqvi, S.W.A. Neira, C. Rabalais, N.N. Zhang, J. |
author_sort |
Levin, L.A. |
title |
Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
title_short |
Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
title_full |
Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
title_fullStr |
Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
title_sort |
effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/171756/ http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/2063/2009/bg-6-2063-2009.pdf |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic |
op_relation |
Levin, L.A.; Ekau, W.; Gooday, A.J. orcid:0000-0002-5661-7371 Jorissen, F.; Middelburg, J.J.; Naqvi, S.W.A.; Neira, C.; Rabalais, N.N.; Zhang, J. 2009 Effects of natural and human-induced hypoxia on coastal benthos. Biogeosciences, 6 (10). 2063-2098. |
_version_ |
1766134495210110976 |