Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume
[1] We present a model for the growth of frazil ice crystals and their accumulation as marine ice at the base of Antarctic ice shelves. The model describes the flow of buoyant water upward along the ice shelf base and includes the differential growth of a range of crystal sizes. Frazil ice formation...
Published in: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
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American Geophysical Union
2004
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:12425 2023-05-15T13:45:11+02:00 Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume Smedsrud, Lars H. Jenkins, Adrian 2004 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/12425/ http://www.agu.org/journals/jc/jc0403/2003JC001851/index.html unknown American Geophysical Union Smedsrud, Lars H.; Jenkins, Adrian orcid:0000-0002-9117-0616 . 2004 Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109 (C3), C03025. 15, pp. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851> Glaciology Earth Sciences Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2004 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851 2023-02-04T19:28:00Z [1] We present a model for the growth of frazil ice crystals and their accumulation as marine ice at the base of Antarctic ice shelves. The model describes the flow of buoyant water upward along the ice shelf base and includes the differential growth of a range of crystal sizes. Frazil ice formation starts when the rising plume becomes supercooled. Initially, the majority of crystals have a radius of similar to0.3 mm and concentrations are below 0.1 g/L. Depending on the ice shelf slope, which controls the plume speed, frazil crystals increase in size and number. Typically, crystals up to 1.0 mm in radius are kept in suspension, and concentrations reach a maximum of 0.4 g/L. The frazil ice in suspension decreases the plume density and thus increases the plume speed. Larger crystals precipitate upward onto the ice shelf base first, with smaller crystals following as the plume slows down. In this way, marine ice is formed at rates of up to 4 m/yr in some places, consistent with areas of observed basal accumulation on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf. The plume continues below the ice shelf as long as it is buoyant. If the plume reaches the ice front, its rapid rise produces high supercooling and the ice crystals attain a radius of several millimeters before reaching the surface. Similar ice crystals have been trawled at depth north of Antarctic ice shelves, but otherwise no observations exist to verify these first predictions of ice crystal sizes and volumes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ronne Ice Shelf Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Ronne Ice Shelf ENVELOPE(-61.000,-61.000,-78.500,-78.500) Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 109 C3 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
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ftnerc |
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unknown |
topic |
Glaciology Earth Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Glaciology Earth Sciences Smedsrud, Lars H. Jenkins, Adrian Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
topic_facet |
Glaciology Earth Sciences |
description |
[1] We present a model for the growth of frazil ice crystals and their accumulation as marine ice at the base of Antarctic ice shelves. The model describes the flow of buoyant water upward along the ice shelf base and includes the differential growth of a range of crystal sizes. Frazil ice formation starts when the rising plume becomes supercooled. Initially, the majority of crystals have a radius of similar to0.3 mm and concentrations are below 0.1 g/L. Depending on the ice shelf slope, which controls the plume speed, frazil crystals increase in size and number. Typically, crystals up to 1.0 mm in radius are kept in suspension, and concentrations reach a maximum of 0.4 g/L. The frazil ice in suspension decreases the plume density and thus increases the plume speed. Larger crystals precipitate upward onto the ice shelf base first, with smaller crystals following as the plume slows down. In this way, marine ice is formed at rates of up to 4 m/yr in some places, consistent with areas of observed basal accumulation on Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf. The plume continues below the ice shelf as long as it is buoyant. If the plume reaches the ice front, its rapid rise produces high supercooling and the ice crystals attain a radius of several millimeters before reaching the surface. Similar ice crystals have been trawled at depth north of Antarctic ice shelves, but otherwise no observations exist to verify these first predictions of ice crystal sizes and volumes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Smedsrud, Lars H. Jenkins, Adrian |
author_facet |
Smedsrud, Lars H. Jenkins, Adrian |
author_sort |
Smedsrud, Lars H. |
title |
Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
title_short |
Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
title_full |
Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
title_fullStr |
Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
title_full_unstemmed |
Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
title_sort |
frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2004 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/12425/ http://www.agu.org/journals/jc/jc0403/2003JC001851/index.html |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-61.000,-61.000,-78.500,-78.500) |
geographic |
Antarctic Ronne Ice Shelf |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Ronne Ice Shelf |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ronne Ice Shelf |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf Ice Shelf Ice Shelves Ronne Ice Shelf |
op_relation |
Smedsrud, Lars H.; Jenkins, Adrian orcid:0000-0002-9117-0616 . 2004 Frazil ice formation in an ice shelf water plume. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109 (C3), C03025. 15, pp. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851 <https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JC001851 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
container_volume |
109 |
container_issue |
C3 |
_version_ |
1766215089919098880 |