Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries
Correctly quantifying the impacts of rare apex marine predators is essential to ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management, where harvesting must be sustainable for targeted species and their dependent predators. This requires modelling the uncertainty in such processes as predator life hist...
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Online Access: | http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10863/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 |
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:10863 2023-05-15T13:45:10+02:00 Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries Forcada, Jaume Malone, Donald Royle, J. Andrew Staniland, Iain J. 2009 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10863/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 unknown Elsevier Forcada, Jaume orcid:0000-0002-2115-0150 Malone, Donald; Royle, J. Andrew; Staniland, Iain J. orcid:0000-0003-2736-9134 . 2009 Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries. Ecological Modelling, 220 (12). 1513-1521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020> Marine Sciences Management Zoology Ecology and Environment Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2009 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 2023-02-04T19:26:58Z Correctly quantifying the impacts of rare apex marine predators is essential to ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management, where harvesting must be sustainable for targeted species and their dependent predators. This requires modelling the uncertainty in such processes as predator life history, seasonal abundance and movement, size-based predation, energetic requirements, and prey vulnerability. We combined these uncertainties to evaluate the predatory impact of transient leopard seals on a community of mesopredators (seals and penguins) and their prey at South Georgia, and assess the implications for an ecosystem-based management. The mesopredators are highly dependent on Antarctic krill and icefish, which are targeted by regional fisheries. We used a state-space formulation to combine (1) a mark-recapture open-population model and individual identification data to assess seasonally variable leopard seal arrival and departure dates, numbers, and residency times; (2) a size-based bioenergetic model; and (3) a size-based prey choice model from a diet analysis. Our models indicated that prey choice and consumption reflected seasonal changes in leopard seal population size and structure, size-selective predation and prey vulnerability. A population of 104 (90-125) leopard seals, of which 64% were juveniles, consumed less than 2% of the Antarctic fur seal pup production of the area (50% of total ingested energy, IE), but ca. 12-16% of the local gentoo penguin population (20% IE). Antarctic krill (28% IE) were the only observed food of leopard seal pups and supplemented the diet of older individuals. Direct impacts on krill and fish were negligible, but the "escapement" due to leopard seal predation on fur seal pups and penguins could be significant for the mackerel icefish fishery at South Georgia. These results suggest that: (1) rare apex predators like leopard seals may control, and may depend on, populations of mesopredators dependent on prey species targeted by fisheries: and (2) predatory impacts and ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Krill Gentoo penguin Icefish Leopard Seal Leopard Seals Southern Ocean Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Ecological Modelling 220 12 1513 1521 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Marine Sciences Management Zoology Ecology and Environment |
spellingShingle |
Marine Sciences Management Zoology Ecology and Environment Forcada, Jaume Malone, Donald Royle, J. Andrew Staniland, Iain J. Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
topic_facet |
Marine Sciences Management Zoology Ecology and Environment |
description |
Correctly quantifying the impacts of rare apex marine predators is essential to ecosystem-based approaches to fisheries management, where harvesting must be sustainable for targeted species and their dependent predators. This requires modelling the uncertainty in such processes as predator life history, seasonal abundance and movement, size-based predation, energetic requirements, and prey vulnerability. We combined these uncertainties to evaluate the predatory impact of transient leopard seals on a community of mesopredators (seals and penguins) and their prey at South Georgia, and assess the implications for an ecosystem-based management. The mesopredators are highly dependent on Antarctic krill and icefish, which are targeted by regional fisheries. We used a state-space formulation to combine (1) a mark-recapture open-population model and individual identification data to assess seasonally variable leopard seal arrival and departure dates, numbers, and residency times; (2) a size-based bioenergetic model; and (3) a size-based prey choice model from a diet analysis. Our models indicated that prey choice and consumption reflected seasonal changes in leopard seal population size and structure, size-selective predation and prey vulnerability. A population of 104 (90-125) leopard seals, of which 64% were juveniles, consumed less than 2% of the Antarctic fur seal pup production of the area (50% of total ingested energy, IE), but ca. 12-16% of the local gentoo penguin population (20% IE). Antarctic krill (28% IE) were the only observed food of leopard seal pups and supplemented the diet of older individuals. Direct impacts on krill and fish were negligible, but the "escapement" due to leopard seal predation on fur seal pups and penguins could be significant for the mackerel icefish fishery at South Georgia. These results suggest that: (1) rare apex predators like leopard seals may control, and may depend on, populations of mesopredators dependent on prey species targeted by fisheries: and (2) predatory impacts and ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Forcada, Jaume Malone, Donald Royle, J. Andrew Staniland, Iain J. |
author_facet |
Forcada, Jaume Malone, Donald Royle, J. Andrew Staniland, Iain J. |
author_sort |
Forcada, Jaume |
title |
Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
title_short |
Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
title_full |
Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
title_fullStr |
Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries |
title_sort |
modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of southern ocean fisheries |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10863/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Krill Gentoo penguin Icefish Leopard Seal Leopard Seals Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Fur Seal Antarctic Krill Gentoo penguin Icefish Leopard Seal Leopard Seals Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Forcada, Jaume orcid:0000-0002-2115-0150 Malone, Donald; Royle, J. Andrew; Staniland, Iain J. orcid:0000-0003-2736-9134 . 2009 Modelling predation by transient leopard seals for an ecosystem-based management of Southern Ocean fisheries. Ecological Modelling, 220 (12). 1513-1521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.03.020 |
container_title |
Ecological Modelling |
container_volume |
220 |
container_issue |
12 |
container_start_page |
1513 |
op_container_end_page |
1521 |
_version_ |
1766214336219447296 |