Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg)
Background: Insects provide tractable models for enhancing our understanding of the physiological and cellular processes that enable survival at extreme low temperatures. They possess three main strategies to survive the cold: freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance or cryoprotective dehydration, of whic...
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2009
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:10768 2023-05-15T13:45:10+02:00 Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) Clark, Melody S. Thorne, Michael A.S. Purać, Jelena Burns, Gavin Hillyard, Guy Popović, Željko D. Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana Worland, Michael Roger 2009 text http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/1/1471-2164-10-328.pdf http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/10/328 en eng BioMed Central Ltd https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/1/1471-2164-10-328.pdf Clark, Melody S. orcid:0000-0002-3442-3824 Thorne, Michael A.S. orcid:0000-0001-7759-612X Purać, Jelena; Burns, Gavin; Hillyard, Guy; Popović, Željko D.; Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana; Worland, Michael Roger. 2009 Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg). BMC Genomics, 10, 328. 19, pp. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328 <https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328> cc_by CC-BY Biology and Microbiology Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2009 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328 2023-02-04T19:26:54Z Background: Insects provide tractable models for enhancing our understanding of the physiological and cellular processes that enable survival at extreme low temperatures. They possess three main strategies to survive the cold: freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance or cryoprotective dehydration, of which the latter method is exploited by our model species, the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica, formerly Onychiurus arcticus (Tullberg 1876). The physiological mechanisms underlying cryoprotective dehydration have been well characterised in M. arctica and to date this process has been described in only a few other species: the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus davidi, an enchytraied worm, the larvae of the Antarctic midge Belgica antarctica and the cocoons of the earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra. There are no in-depth molecular studies on the underlying cold survival mechanisms in any species. Results: A cDNA microarray was generated using 6,912 M. arctica clones printed in duplicate. Analysis of clones up-regulated during dehydration procedures (using both cold-and salt-induced dehydration) has identified a number of significant cellular processes, namely the production and mobilisation of trehalose, protection of cellular systems via small heat shock proteins and tissue/cellular remodelling during the dehydration process. Energy production, initiation of protein translation and cell division, plus potential tissue repair processes dominate genes identified during recovery. Heat map analysis identified a duplication of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene in M. arctica and also 53 clones co-regulated with TPS, including a number of membrane associated and cell signalling proteins. Q-PCR on selected candidate genes has also contributed to our understanding with glutathione-S-transferase identified as the major antioxdidant enzyme protecting the cells during these stressful procedures, and a number of protein kinase signalling molecules involved in recovery. Conclusion: Microarray analysis has proved to be a ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic midge Antarctica Arctic Arctic Belgica antarctica Springtail Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic BMC Genomics 10 1 328 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
language |
English |
topic |
Biology and Microbiology |
spellingShingle |
Biology and Microbiology Clark, Melody S. Thorne, Michael A.S. Purać, Jelena Burns, Gavin Hillyard, Guy Popović, Željko D. Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana Worland, Michael Roger Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
topic_facet |
Biology and Microbiology |
description |
Background: Insects provide tractable models for enhancing our understanding of the physiological and cellular processes that enable survival at extreme low temperatures. They possess three main strategies to survive the cold: freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance or cryoprotective dehydration, of which the latter method is exploited by our model species, the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica, formerly Onychiurus arcticus (Tullberg 1876). The physiological mechanisms underlying cryoprotective dehydration have been well characterised in M. arctica and to date this process has been described in only a few other species: the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus davidi, an enchytraied worm, the larvae of the Antarctic midge Belgica antarctica and the cocoons of the earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra. There are no in-depth molecular studies on the underlying cold survival mechanisms in any species. Results: A cDNA microarray was generated using 6,912 M. arctica clones printed in duplicate. Analysis of clones up-regulated during dehydration procedures (using both cold-and salt-induced dehydration) has identified a number of significant cellular processes, namely the production and mobilisation of trehalose, protection of cellular systems via small heat shock proteins and tissue/cellular remodelling during the dehydration process. Energy production, initiation of protein translation and cell division, plus potential tissue repair processes dominate genes identified during recovery. Heat map analysis identified a duplication of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene in M. arctica and also 53 clones co-regulated with TPS, including a number of membrane associated and cell signalling proteins. Q-PCR on selected candidate genes has also contributed to our understanding with glutathione-S-transferase identified as the major antioxdidant enzyme protecting the cells during these stressful procedures, and a number of protein kinase signalling molecules involved in recovery. Conclusion: Microarray analysis has proved to be a ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Clark, Melody S. Thorne, Michael A.S. Purać, Jelena Burns, Gavin Hillyard, Guy Popović, Željko D. Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana Worland, Michael Roger |
author_facet |
Clark, Melody S. Thorne, Michael A.S. Purać, Jelena Burns, Gavin Hillyard, Guy Popović, Željko D. Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana Worland, Michael Roger |
author_sort |
Clark, Melody S. |
title |
Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
title_short |
Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
title_full |
Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
title_fullStr |
Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg) |
title_sort |
surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the arctic springtail megaphorura arctica (tullberg) |
publisher |
BioMed Central Ltd |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/ https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/1/1471-2164-10-328.pdf http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/10/328 |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic midge Antarctica Arctic Arctic Belgica antarctica Springtail |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic midge Antarctica Arctic Arctic Belgica antarctica Springtail |
op_relation |
https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10768/1/1471-2164-10-328.pdf Clark, Melody S. orcid:0000-0002-3442-3824 Thorne, Michael A.S. orcid:0000-0001-7759-612X Purać, Jelena; Burns, Gavin; Hillyard, Guy; Popović, Željko D.; Grubor-Lajšić, Gordana; Worland, Michael Roger. 2009 Surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the Arctic springtail Megaphorura arctica (Tullberg). BMC Genomics, 10, 328. 19, pp. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328 <https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328> |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-10-328 |
container_title |
BMC Genomics |
container_volume |
10 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
328 |
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1766214276594270208 |