Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks
Marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) are events where cold air flows over a relatively warm sea surface. Such outbreaks are associated with severe mesoscale weather systems that are not generally resolved in global climate models, such as polar lows and boundary-layer fronts. Here, an analysis of winte...
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ftnerc:oai:nora.nerc.ac.uk:10460 2023-05-15T13:45:10+02:00 Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks Bracegirdle, Thomas Kolstad, Erik W. 2010 http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10460/ http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123209317/PDFSTART unknown Wiley-Blackwell Bracegirdle, Thomas orcid:0000-0002-8868-4739 Kolstad, Erik W. 2010 Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks. Tellus. Series A, 62 A (2). 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x <https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x> Meteorology and Climatology Publication - Article PeerReviewed 2010 ftnerc https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x 2023-02-04T19:26:45Z Marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) are events where cold air flows over a relatively warm sea surface. Such outbreaks are associated with severe mesoscale weather systems that are not generally resolved in global climate models, such as polar lows and boundary-layer fronts. Here, an analysis of winter climatology and variability of MCAOs in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is presented. Near the sea ice edge, north–south fluctuations of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index are key, while further north, large-scale wave disturbances are needed to move air masses far enough away from the Antarctic continent to instigate MCAOs. Unlike in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the spatial patterns of mean and extreme values of the MCAO index differ considerably. Near 60°S, both mean and extreme values of the index are similar to those found in the main MCAO regions in the NH. Further north, the mean MCAO index is quite high, but the extreme values are much lower than in the NH. We conclude that MCAOs in the SH are as widespread and can be as strong as in the NH, but severe MCAOs near densely populated regions such as the Tasman Sea are less common than in the Nordic Seas and near Japan. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Nordic Seas Sea ice Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive Antarctic The Antarctic Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 62 2 202 208 |
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Open Polar |
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Natural Environment Research Council: NERC Open Research Archive |
op_collection_id |
ftnerc |
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topic |
Meteorology and Climatology |
spellingShingle |
Meteorology and Climatology Bracegirdle, Thomas Kolstad, Erik W. Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
topic_facet |
Meteorology and Climatology |
description |
Marine cold air outbreaks (MCAOs) are events where cold air flows over a relatively warm sea surface. Such outbreaks are associated with severe mesoscale weather systems that are not generally resolved in global climate models, such as polar lows and boundary-layer fronts. Here, an analysis of winter climatology and variability of MCAOs in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) is presented. Near the sea ice edge, north–south fluctuations of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index are key, while further north, large-scale wave disturbances are needed to move air masses far enough away from the Antarctic continent to instigate MCAOs. Unlike in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the spatial patterns of mean and extreme values of the MCAO index differ considerably. Near 60°S, both mean and extreme values of the index are similar to those found in the main MCAO regions in the NH. Further north, the mean MCAO index is quite high, but the extreme values are much lower than in the NH. We conclude that MCAOs in the SH are as widespread and can be as strong as in the NH, but severe MCAOs near densely populated regions such as the Tasman Sea are less common than in the Nordic Seas and near Japan. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Bracegirdle, Thomas Kolstad, Erik W. |
author_facet |
Bracegirdle, Thomas Kolstad, Erik W. |
author_sort |
Bracegirdle, Thomas |
title |
Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
title_short |
Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
title_full |
Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
title_fullStr |
Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
title_sort |
climatology and variability of southern hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks |
publisher |
Wiley-Blackwell |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/10460/ http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123209317/PDFSTART |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Nordic Seas Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Nordic Seas Sea ice |
op_relation |
Bracegirdle, Thomas orcid:0000-0002-8868-4739 Kolstad, Erik W. 2010 Climatology and variability of Southern Hemisphere marine cold-air outbreaks. Tellus. Series A, 62 A (2). 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x <https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2009.00431.x |
container_title |
Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography |
container_volume |
62 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
202 |
op_container_end_page |
208 |
_version_ |
1766214123230593024 |