臺灣及金門兩地野鼠蠕蟲相之觀察

• Main Authors: 林杉錦, Lin, San-Ching
• Other Authors: 黃鴻堅, Ooi Hong Kean
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: 獸醫微生物學研究所 1996
• Subjects: Helminth; 蠕蟲; Rodent; Taiwan; Kinmen; 囓齒類; 臺灣; 金門; Rattus rattus
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11455/66269

在地理學上,臺灣和金門靠近中國大陸.此次調查臺灣和金門兩地野鼠 共147隻,標本來源由自然科學博物館所提供,故我們得以進行此項工作.在 金門地區我們總共調查了58隻的野鼠,錢鼠(Suncus murinus)20隻,其中 有13隻感染有寄生蟲,感染率為 68.4%,小黃腹鼠(Rattus losea)22隻,其 中有20隻感染有寄生蟲,感染率為90.9%.鬼鼠(Bandicota nemorivaga)1 隻,其中有1隻感染有寄生蟲,感染率為100%.家鼷鼠(Mus musculus)7隻,其 中有6隻感染有寄生蟲,感染率為85.7%.溝鼠(Rattus norvegicus)5隻,5隻 皆感染有寄生蟲,感染率為100%.家鼠(Rattus rattus)3隻,其感染率 為100%.有5隻小黃腹鼠和兩隻的溝鼠發現有廣東住血線蟲( Sngiostronglus cantonensis),其它發現線蟲有11種: Pseudophysaloptera soricina . Capillaria minuta . C. agastrica . Gonylonema neoplasticum . Rictularia whartoni . Strongyloides ratti . Nippostronglyus muris . Syphacia muris . Syphacia obvelata . Heterakis spumosa . Capillaria heptica . 4種絛蟲: Raillietinasp. . Hymenolepis nana . Hymenolepis diminuta . Taenia taeniaeformis . 1種吸蟲: Brachylaema sp. . 在臺灣地區總共 調查了89隻的野鼠,錢鼠4隻,感染率為75%,小黃腹鼠3隻, 感染率為100% . 鬼鼠2隻,感染率為50% . 溝鼠29隻,感染率為79.3%,家鼠2隻,感染率 為50%,臺灣森鼠18隻,感染率為100%,赤背條鼠(Apodemus agrarius)8隻, 感染率為87.5%, 刺鼠(Rattus coxinga)14隻, 感染率為100%, 月鼠(Mus formosanus)8隻,感染率為37.5%, 黑腹絨鼠(Eothenomys melanogaster)1 隻,感染率為100% . 共感染有19種線蟲:Physocephalus sp. . Gongylonema neoplasticum . Rictularia whartoni . Capillaria sp. . Capillaria hepatica . Capillaria papillosa . Strngloides ratti . Nippostronglyus muris . Syphacia obvelata . Syphacia muris . A. cantonensis .Subulura sp. . Heterakis spumosa . Heligomoides taiwanensis . Aspiculuris tetraptera . Orientostrongylus sp. . Moniliformis sp. . Trichosmoides crassicauda . Trichurismuris . 4種絛蟲 : Raillietina sp. . Hymenolepis nana . Hymenolepis diminuta . Taenia taeniaeformis . 1種吸蟲, Plagiochis sp. ,以上 蟲種之中,廣東住血線蟲為臺灣及金門地區最重要的人.畜共通傳染病,而 Subulura sp. 此種寄生蟲可能為臺灣第1次所發現. Geographically, the islands of Taiwan Kinmen(Quemoy), are about 230 km and 7 km respectively from mainland China. Visceral organsof a total of 147 rodents collected on Taiwan and Kinmen islands were examined for endoparasites. The composition of the 58 rodents from Kinmen islands that we examined were 20 specimens of Suncus murinus, 22 Rattus losea, 5 R. norvegicus, 1 Bandicota nemorivaga, 3 R. rattus and 7 Mus musculus. Of these rodents, 13(68.4%) specimens of Suncus murinus, 20(90.9%)of R. losea, 5(100%) of R. norvegicus, 1(100%) of Bandictoa indica, 3(100%) of Rattus rattus and 6(85.7%) of Mus musculus were foundto be infected with helminths. Five R. losea and 2 R. norvegicus were found to harbor Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Beside A. cantonensis, 11 species of nematodes , namely, Capillaria minuta, C. gastrica, C. hepativa, Gongylonema neoplasticum, Heterakis spumosa, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Pseudophysaloptera soricina, Rictularia wartoni, Strongyloides ratti, Syphacia muris, S. obvelata were identified. Four species of cestodes, namely, Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, Raillietina sp. and Taenia taeniaeformis, and a trematode species, Brachylaema sp. were also recorded from the rodents.In addition, 89 rodents from Taiwan proper that were examined for helminths were4 Suncus murinus, 3 Rattus losea, 2 Bandicota nemorivaga, 29 Rattus norvegicus,18 Apodemus semotus, 8 Apodemus agrarius, 14 Rattus coxinga, 1 Eothenomys melanogaster, 2Rattus rattus, and 8 Mus formosanus. Of these rodents, 3(75%) specimens Suncus murinus, 3(100%) Rattus losea, 1(50%) Bandicta nemorivaga, 23(79.3%)Rattus norvegicus, 18(100%)Apodemus semotus, 7(87.5) Apodemus agraeius, 14(100%)Rattus coxinga, 1(100%) Ethenomys melanogaster, 1(50%) Rattus rattus, 3(37.5%) Mus formosanus were found to be infected with helminths. A total 19 species of nematodes, namely, Physocephalus sp. ,Capillaria sp. , Capillaria hepatica, Capillariapapillosa, Gongylonema neoplasticum, Rictularia whartoni, Strongyloides ratti, Nippostronglyus muris, Syphacia muris, Syphacia obvelata , A. cantonesis, Subulura sp. ,Heterakis spumosa, Heligomonoides taiwanensis, Aspiculuris tetrapter, Orientostrongylus sp. ,Moniliformis sp. , Trichosomoides crassicauda, and Trichuris muris were collected.Four species of cestodes, namely, Hymenolepis diminuta, H. nana, Raillietina sp. and Taenia taeniaeformis, and a trematoge species, Plagiochis sp. were also recorded fromthe rodents. Among the above species of helminth, A cantonensis is the most important zoonotic parasite and is widely distributed in rodents on Taiwan and Kinmen islands. This may be the first report of Subulura sp. in Taiwan.