Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988
The authors have analyzed global station data and created a gridded dataset of monthly precipitation for the period of 1900-88. Statistical analyses suggest that discontinuities associated with instrumental errors are large for many high-latitude station records, although they are unlikely to be sig...
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American Meteorological Society
1997
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_3312 2023-10-01T03:56:23+02:00 Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 Fung, Inez (author) Del Genio, Anthony (author) Dai, Aiguo (author) 1997-11-01 application/pdf http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-001-961 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 en eng American Meteorological Society Journal of Climate http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-001-961 doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 ark:/85065/d7dv1jqw Copyright 1997 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work. Text article 1997 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 2023-09-04T18:25:38Z The authors have analyzed global station data and created a gridded dataset of monthly precipitation for the period of 1900-88. Statistical analyses suggest that discontinuities associated with instrumental errors are large for many high-latitude station records, although they are unlikely to be significant for the majority of the stations. The first leading EOF in global precipitation fields is an ENSO-related pattern, concentrating mostly in the low latitudes. The second leading EOF depicts a linear increasing trend (~2.4 mm decade⁻¹) in global precipitation fields during the period of 1900-88. Consistent with the zonal precipitation trends identified in previous analyses, the EOF trend is seen as a long-term increase mostly in North America, mid- to high-latitude Eurasia, Argentina, and Australia. The spatial patterns of the trend EOF and the rate of increase are generally consistent with those of the precipitation changes in increasing CO2 GCM experiments. The North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) accounts for ~10% of December-February precipitation variance over North Atlantic surrounding regions. The mode suggests that during high-NAO-index winters, precipitation is above normal in northern (>50°N) Europe, the eastern United States, northern Africa, and the Mediterranean, while below-normal precipitation occurs in southern Europe, eastern Canada, and western Greenland. Wet and dry months of one standard deviation occur at probabilities close to those of a normal distribution in midlatitudes. In the subtropics, the mean interval between two extreme events is longer. The monthly wet and dry events seldom (probability < 5%) last longer than 2 months. ENSO is the single largest cause of global extreme precipitation events. Consistent with the upward trend in global precipitation, globally, the averaged mean interval between two dry months increased by 28% from 1900-44 to 1945-88. The percentage of wet areas over the United States has more than doubled (from ~12% to >24%) since the 1970s, while the ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Argentina Canada Greenland |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
description |
The authors have analyzed global station data and created a gridded dataset of monthly precipitation for the period of 1900-88. Statistical analyses suggest that discontinuities associated with instrumental errors are large for many high-latitude station records, although they are unlikely to be significant for the majority of the stations. The first leading EOF in global precipitation fields is an ENSO-related pattern, concentrating mostly in the low latitudes. The second leading EOF depicts a linear increasing trend (~2.4 mm decade⁻¹) in global precipitation fields during the period of 1900-88. Consistent with the zonal precipitation trends identified in previous analyses, the EOF trend is seen as a long-term increase mostly in North America, mid- to high-latitude Eurasia, Argentina, and Australia. The spatial patterns of the trend EOF and the rate of increase are generally consistent with those of the precipitation changes in increasing CO2 GCM experiments. The North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) accounts for ~10% of December-February precipitation variance over North Atlantic surrounding regions. The mode suggests that during high-NAO-index winters, precipitation is above normal in northern (>50°N) Europe, the eastern United States, northern Africa, and the Mediterranean, while below-normal precipitation occurs in southern Europe, eastern Canada, and western Greenland. Wet and dry months of one standard deviation occur at probabilities close to those of a normal distribution in midlatitudes. In the subtropics, the mean interval between two extreme events is longer. The monthly wet and dry events seldom (probability < 5%) last longer than 2 months. ENSO is the single largest cause of global extreme precipitation events. Consistent with the upward trend in global precipitation, globally, the averaged mean interval between two dry months increased by 28% from 1900-44 to 1945-88. The percentage of wet areas over the United States has more than doubled (from ~12% to >24%) since the 1970s, while the ... |
author2 |
Fung, Inez (author) Del Genio, Anthony (author) Dai, Aiguo (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
spellingShingle |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
title_short |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
title_full |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
title_fullStr |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
title_sort |
surface observed global land precipitation variations during 1900-1988 |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
1997 |
url |
http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-001-961 https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 |
geographic |
Argentina Canada Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Argentina Canada Greenland |
genre |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Journal of Climate http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-001-961 doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 ark:/85065/d7dv1jqw |
op_rights |
Copyright 1997 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<2943:SOGLPV>2.0.CO;2 |
_version_ |
1778525879358455808 |