The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks
Rapid adjustments-the response of meteorology to external forcing while sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice are held fixed-can affect the midlatitude circulation and contribute to long-term forced circulation responses in climate simulations. This study examines rapid adjustments in the South...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 |
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_23904 2024-04-28T08:37:57+00:00 The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks Wood, T. (author) Maycock, A. C. (author) Forster, P. M. (author) Richardson, T. B. (author) Andrews, T. (author) Boucher, O. (author) Myhre, G. (author) Samset, B. H. (author) Kirkevåg, A. (author) Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author) Mülmenstädt, J. (author) Olivié, D. (author) Takemura, T. (author) Watson-Parris, D. (author) 2020-11-15 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 en eng Journal of Climate--0894-8755--1520-0442 articles:23904 ark:/85065/d7fj2m37 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 Copyright 2020 American Meteorological Society (AMS). article Text 2020 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 2024-04-04T17:33:50Z Rapid adjustments-the response of meteorology to external forcing while sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice are held fixed-can affect the midlatitude circulation and contribute to long-term forced circulation responses in climate simulations. This study examines rapid adjustments in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) circulation using nine models from the Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP), which perform fixed SST and coupled ocean experiments for five perturbations: a doubling of carbon dioxide (2xCO2), a tripling of methane (3xCH4), a fivefold increase in sulfate aerosol (5xSO4), a tenfold increase in black carbon aerosol (10xBC), and a 2% increase in solar constant (2%Sol). In the coupled experiments, the SH eddy-driven jet shifts poleward and strengthens for forcings that produce global warming (and vice versa for 5xSO4), with the strongest response found in austral summer. In austral winter, the responses project more strongly onto a change in jet strength. For 10xBC, which induces strong shortwave absorption, the multimodel mean (MMM) rapid adjustment in DJF jet latitude is similar to 75% of the change in the coupled simulations. For the other forcings, which induce larger SST changes, the effect of SST-mediated feedbacks on the SH circulation is larger than the rapid adjustment. Nevertheless, for these perturbations the magnitude of the MMM jet shift due to the rapid adjustment is still around 20%-30% of that in the coupled experiments. The results demonstrate the need to understand the mechanisms for rapid adjustments in the midlatitude circulation, in addition to the effect of changing SSTs. Article in Journal/Newspaper Sea ice OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Journal of Climate 33 22 9673 9690 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
description |
Rapid adjustments-the response of meteorology to external forcing while sea surface temperatures (SST) and sea ice are held fixed-can affect the midlatitude circulation and contribute to long-term forced circulation responses in climate simulations. This study examines rapid adjustments in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) circulation using nine models from the Precipitation Driver and Response Model Intercomparison Project (PDRMIP), which perform fixed SST and coupled ocean experiments for five perturbations: a doubling of carbon dioxide (2xCO2), a tripling of methane (3xCH4), a fivefold increase in sulfate aerosol (5xSO4), a tenfold increase in black carbon aerosol (10xBC), and a 2% increase in solar constant (2%Sol). In the coupled experiments, the SH eddy-driven jet shifts poleward and strengthens for forcings that produce global warming (and vice versa for 5xSO4), with the strongest response found in austral summer. In austral winter, the responses project more strongly onto a change in jet strength. For 10xBC, which induces strong shortwave absorption, the multimodel mean (MMM) rapid adjustment in DJF jet latitude is similar to 75% of the change in the coupled simulations. For the other forcings, which induce larger SST changes, the effect of SST-mediated feedbacks on the SH circulation is larger than the rapid adjustment. Nevertheless, for these perturbations the magnitude of the MMM jet shift due to the rapid adjustment is still around 20%-30% of that in the coupled experiments. The results demonstrate the need to understand the mechanisms for rapid adjustments in the midlatitude circulation, in addition to the effect of changing SSTs. |
author2 |
Wood, T. (author) Maycock, A. C. (author) Forster, P. M. (author) Richardson, T. B. (author) Andrews, T. (author) Boucher, O. (author) Myhre, G. (author) Samset, B. H. (author) Kirkevåg, A. (author) Lamarque, Jean-Francois (author) Mülmenstädt, J. (author) Olivié, D. (author) Takemura, T. (author) Watson-Parris, D. (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
spellingShingle |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
title_short |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
title_full |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
title_fullStr |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Southern Hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
title_sort |
southern hemisphere midlatitude circulation response to rapid adjustments and sea surface temperature driven feedbacks |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 |
genre |
Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Sea ice |
op_relation |
Journal of Climate--0894-8755--1520-0442 articles:23904 ark:/85065/d7fj2m37 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2020 American Meteorological Society (AMS). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1015.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
33 |
container_issue |
22 |
container_start_page |
9673 |
op_container_end_page |
9690 |
_version_ |
1797569182311645184 |