Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean
We present airborne observations of the vertical gradient of atmospheric oxygen (delta(O-2/N-2)) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) over the Drake Passage region of the Southern Ocean, during the O-2/N-2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study, from 15 January t...
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031479 |
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_23109 2024-04-28T08:17:10+00:00 Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean Morgan, Eric J. (author) Stephens, Britton B. (author) Long, Matthew C. (author) Keeling, Ralph F. (author) Bent, Jonathan D. (author) McKain, Kathryn (author) Sweeney, Colm (author) Hoecker‐Martínez, Martín S. (author) Kort, Eric A. (author) 2019-12-16 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031479 en eng Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres--J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.--2169-897X--2169-8996 Cheyenne: SGI ICE XA Cluster--10.5065/D6RX99HX NSF/NCAR GV HIAPER Aircraft--10.5065/D6DR2SJP articles:23109 ark:/85065/d75b05nq doi:10.1029/2019JD031479 Copyright 2020 American Geophysical Union. article Text 2019 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031479 2024-04-04T17:32:42Z We present airborne observations of the vertical gradient of atmospheric oxygen (delta(O-2/N-2)) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) over the Drake Passage region of the Southern Ocean, during the O-2/N-2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study, from 15 January to 29 February 2016. Gradients were predominately anticorrelated, with excesses of delta(O-2/N-2) and depletions of CO2 found within the boundary layer, relative to a mean reference height of 1.7 km. Through analysis of the molar ratio of the gradients (GR), the behavior of other trace gases measured in situ, and modeling experiments with the Community Earth System Model, we found that the main driver of gradients was air-sea exchange of O-2 and CO2 driven by biological processes, more so than solubility effects. An exception to this was in the eastern Drake Passage, where positive GRs were occasionally observed, likely due to the dominance of thermal forcing on the air-sea flux of both species. GRs were more spatially consistent than the magnitudes of the gradients, suggesting that GRs can provide integrated process constraints over broad spatial scales. Based on the model simulation within a domain bounded by 45 degrees S, 75 degrees S, 100 degrees W, and 45 degrees W, we show that the sampling density of the campaign was such that the observed mean GR (+/- standard error), -4.0 +/- 0.8 mol O-2 per mol CO2, was a reasonable proxy for both the mean GR and the mean molar ratio of air-sea fluxes of O-2 and CO2 during the O-2/N-2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study. 1501993 1852977 Article in Journal/Newspaper Drake Passage Southern Ocean OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124 23 13439 13456 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
description |
We present airborne observations of the vertical gradient of atmospheric oxygen (delta(O-2/N-2)) and carbon dioxide (CO2) through the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) over the Drake Passage region of the Southern Ocean, during the O-2/N-2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study, from 15 January to 29 February 2016. Gradients were predominately anticorrelated, with excesses of delta(O-2/N-2) and depletions of CO2 found within the boundary layer, relative to a mean reference height of 1.7 km. Through analysis of the molar ratio of the gradients (GR), the behavior of other trace gases measured in situ, and modeling experiments with the Community Earth System Model, we found that the main driver of gradients was air-sea exchange of O-2 and CO2 driven by biological processes, more so than solubility effects. An exception to this was in the eastern Drake Passage, where positive GRs were occasionally observed, likely due to the dominance of thermal forcing on the air-sea flux of both species. GRs were more spatially consistent than the magnitudes of the gradients, suggesting that GRs can provide integrated process constraints over broad spatial scales. Based on the model simulation within a domain bounded by 45 degrees S, 75 degrees S, 100 degrees W, and 45 degrees W, we show that the sampling density of the campaign was such that the observed mean GR (+/- standard error), -4.0 +/- 0.8 mol O-2 per mol CO2, was a reasonable proxy for both the mean GR and the mean molar ratio of air-sea fluxes of O-2 and CO2 during the O-2/N-2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study. 1501993 1852977 |
author2 |
Morgan, Eric J. (author) Stephens, Britton B. (author) Long, Matthew C. (author) Keeling, Ralph F. (author) Bent, Jonathan D. (author) McKain, Kathryn (author) Sweeney, Colm (author) Hoecker‐Martínez, Martín S. (author) Kort, Eric A. (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
spellingShingle |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
title_short |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
title_full |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean |
title_sort |
summertime atmospheric boundary layer gradients of o2 and co2 over the southern ocean |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031479 |
genre |
Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Drake Passage Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres--J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.--2169-897X--2169-8996 Cheyenne: SGI ICE XA Cluster--10.5065/D6RX99HX NSF/NCAR GV HIAPER Aircraft--10.5065/D6DR2SJP articles:23109 ark:/85065/d75b05nq doi:10.1029/2019JD031479 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2020 American Geophysical Union. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031479 |
container_title |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
container_volume |
124 |
container_issue |
23 |
container_start_page |
13439 |
op_container_end_page |
13456 |
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1797581925203836928 |