Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series
Ocean meridional heat transports (MHTs) are deduced as a residual using energy budgets to produce latitude versus time series for the globe, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation is combined with the vertically integrated atmospheric energy divergence from atmospheric rea...
Published in: | Journal of Climate |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2019
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 |
id |
ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_22612 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_22612 2023-09-05T13:21:38+02:00 Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series Trenberth, Kevin E. (author) Zhang, Yongxin (author) Fasullo, John T. (author) Cheng, Lijing (author) 2019-07-01 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 en eng Journal of Climate--J. Climate--0894-8755--1520-0442 Ocean Meridional Heat Transport Values--10.5065/9v3y-fn61 articles:22612 ark:/85065/d77h1npp doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 Copyright 2019 American Meteorological Society. article Text 2019 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 2023-08-14T18:49:34Z Ocean meridional heat transports (MHTs) are deduced as a residual using energy budgets to produce latitude versus time series for the globe, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation is combined with the vertically integrated atmospheric energy divergence from atmospheric reanalyses to produce the net surface energy fluxes everywhere. The latter is then combined with estimates of the vertically integrated ocean heat content (OHC) tendency to produce estimates of the ocean heat divergence. Because seasonal sea ice and land runoff effects are not fully considered, the mean annual cycle is incomplete, but those effects are small for interannual variability. However, there is a mismatch between 12-month inferred surface flux and the corresponding OHC changes globally, requiring adjustments to account for the Earth's global energy imbalance. Estimates are greatly improved by building in the constraint that MHT must go to zero at the northern and southern extents of the ocean basin at all times, enabling biases between the TOA and OHC data to be reconciled. Zonal mean global, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic basin ocean MHTs are computed and presented as 12-month running means and for the mean annual cycle for 2000-16. For the Indo-Pacific, the tropical and subtropical MHTs feature a strong relationship with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and in the Atlantic, MHT interannual variability is significantly affected by and likely influences the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, Atlantic and Pacific changes are linked, suggesting that the northern annular mode (as opposed to NAO) is predominant. There is also evidence of decadal variability or trends. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Pacific Journal of Climate 32 14 4567 4583 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
description |
Ocean meridional heat transports (MHTs) are deduced as a residual using energy budgets to produce latitude versus time series for the globe, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation is combined with the vertically integrated atmospheric energy divergence from atmospheric reanalyses to produce the net surface energy fluxes everywhere. The latter is then combined with estimates of the vertically integrated ocean heat content (OHC) tendency to produce estimates of the ocean heat divergence. Because seasonal sea ice and land runoff effects are not fully considered, the mean annual cycle is incomplete, but those effects are small for interannual variability. However, there is a mismatch between 12-month inferred surface flux and the corresponding OHC changes globally, requiring adjustments to account for the Earth's global energy imbalance. Estimates are greatly improved by building in the constraint that MHT must go to zero at the northern and southern extents of the ocean basin at all times, enabling biases between the TOA and OHC data to be reconciled. Zonal mean global, Indo-Pacific, and Atlantic basin ocean MHTs are computed and presented as 12-month running means and for the mean annual cycle for 2000-16. For the Indo-Pacific, the tropical and subtropical MHTs feature a strong relationship with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and in the Atlantic, MHT interannual variability is significantly affected by and likely influences the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). However, Atlantic and Pacific changes are linked, suggesting that the northern annular mode (as opposed to NAO) is predominant. There is also evidence of decadal variability or trends. |
author2 |
Trenberth, Kevin E. (author) Zhang, Yongxin (author) Fasullo, John T. (author) Cheng, Lijing (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
spellingShingle |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
title_short |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
title_full |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
title_fullStr |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
title_sort |
observation-based estimates of global and basin ocean meridional heat transport time series |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
op_relation |
Journal of Climate--J. Climate--0894-8755--1520-0442 Ocean Meridional Heat Transport Values--10.5065/9v3y-fn61 articles:22612 ark:/85065/d77h1npp doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2019 American Meteorological Society. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0872.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
32 |
container_issue |
14 |
container_start_page |
4567 |
op_container_end_page |
4583 |
_version_ |
1776202233534218240 |