Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations
A coupled global numerical simulation (conducted with the Community Earth System Model) is used in conjunction with satellite remote sensing observations to examine the role of top-down (grazing pressure) and bottom-up (light, nutrients) controls on marine phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Souther...
Published in: | Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
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Language: | English |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005615 |
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_20898 2023-09-05T13:13:28+02:00 Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations Rohr, Tyler (author) Long, Matthew C. (author) Kavanaugh, Maria T. (author) Lindsay, Keith (author) Doney, Scott C. (author) 2017-05 https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005615 en eng Global Biogeochemical Cycles--Global Biogeochem. Cycles--08866236 articles:20898 ark:/85065/d7r49t6c doi:10.1002/2016GB005615 Copyright 2017 American Geophysical Union. article Text 2017 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005615 2023-08-14T18:46:56Z A coupled global numerical simulation (conducted with the Community Earth System Model) is used in conjunction with satellite remote sensing observations to examine the role of top-down (grazing pressure) and bottom-up (light, nutrients) controls on marine phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Southern Ocean. Phytoplankton seasonal phenology is evaluated in the context of the recently proposed "disturbance-recovery" hypothesis relative to more traditional, exclusively "bottom-up" frameworks. All blooms occur when phytoplankton division rates exceed loss rates to permit sustained net population growth; however, the nature of this decoupling period varies regionally in Community Earth System Model. Regional case studies illustrate how unique pathways allow blooms to emerge despite very poor division rates or very strong grazing rates. In the Subantarctic, southeast Pacific small spring blooms initiate early cooccurring with deep mixing and low division rates, consistent with the disturbance-recovery hypothesis. Similar systematics are present in the Subantarctic, southwest Atlantic during the spring but are eclipsed by a subsequent, larger summer bloom that is coincident with shallow mixing and the annual maximum in division rates, consistent with a bottom-up, light limited framework. In the model simulation, increased iron stress prevents a similar summer bloom in the southeast Pacific. In the simulated Antarctic zone (70 degrees S-65 degrees S) seasonal sea ice acts as a dominant phytoplankton-zooplankton decoupling agent, triggering a delayed but substantial bloom as ice recedes. Satellite ocean color remote sensing and ocean physical reanalysis products do not precisely match model-predicted phenology, but observed patterns do indicate regional variability in mechanism across the Atlantic and Pacific. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean Global Biogeochemical Cycles 31 5 922 940 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
description |
A coupled global numerical simulation (conducted with the Community Earth System Model) is used in conjunction with satellite remote sensing observations to examine the role of top-down (grazing pressure) and bottom-up (light, nutrients) controls on marine phytoplankton bloom dynamics in the Southern Ocean. Phytoplankton seasonal phenology is evaluated in the context of the recently proposed "disturbance-recovery" hypothesis relative to more traditional, exclusively "bottom-up" frameworks. All blooms occur when phytoplankton division rates exceed loss rates to permit sustained net population growth; however, the nature of this decoupling period varies regionally in Community Earth System Model. Regional case studies illustrate how unique pathways allow blooms to emerge despite very poor division rates or very strong grazing rates. In the Subantarctic, southeast Pacific small spring blooms initiate early cooccurring with deep mixing and low division rates, consistent with the disturbance-recovery hypothesis. Similar systematics are present in the Subantarctic, southwest Atlantic during the spring but are eclipsed by a subsequent, larger summer bloom that is coincident with shallow mixing and the annual maximum in division rates, consistent with a bottom-up, light limited framework. In the model simulation, increased iron stress prevents a similar summer bloom in the southeast Pacific. In the simulated Antarctic zone (70 degrees S-65 degrees S) seasonal sea ice acts as a dominant phytoplankton-zooplankton decoupling agent, triggering a delayed but substantial bloom as ice recedes. Satellite ocean color remote sensing and ocean physical reanalysis products do not precisely match model-predicted phenology, but observed patterns do indicate regional variability in mechanism across the Atlantic and Pacific. |
author2 |
Rohr, Tyler (author) Long, Matthew C. (author) Kavanaugh, Maria T. (author) Lindsay, Keith (author) Doney, Scott C. (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
spellingShingle |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
title_short |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
title_full |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
title_fullStr |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variability in the mechanisms controlling Southern Ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
title_sort |
variability in the mechanisms controlling southern ocean phytoplankton bloom phenology in an ocean model and satellite observations |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005615 |
geographic |
Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Pacific Southern Ocean |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles--Global Biogeochem. Cycles--08866236 articles:20898 ark:/85065/d7r49t6c doi:10.1002/2016GB005615 |
op_rights |
Copyright 2017 American Geophysical Union. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005615 |
container_title |
Global Biogeochemical Cycles |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
922 |
op_container_end_page |
940 |
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1776204728470863872 |