Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4

To establish how well the new Community Climate System model version 4 (CCSM4) simulates the properties of the Arctic sea ice and ocean, we here compare results from six CCSM4 20th century ensemble simulations with available data. We find that the CCSM4 simulations capture most of the important clim...

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Published in:Journal of Climate
Other Authors: Jahn, Alexandra (author), Polyakov, Igor (contributor), Sterling, Kara (author), Bhatt, Uma (contributor), Holland, Marika (author), Kay, Jennifer (author), Maslanik, James (author), Bitz, Cecilia (author), Bailey, David (author), Stroeve, Julienne (author), Hunke, Elizabeth (author), Lipscomb, William (author), Pollak, Daniel (author)
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: 2012
Subjects:
Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Sea ice
Online Access:http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-007-670
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1
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spelling ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_17563 2023-09-05T13:16:18+02:00 Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4 Jahn, Alexandra (author) Polyakov, Igor (contributor) Sterling, Kara (author) Bhatt, Uma (contributor) Holland, Marika (author) Kay, Jennifer (author) Maslanik, James (author) Bitz, Cecilia (author) Bailey, David (author) Stroeve, Julienne (author) Hunke, Elizabeth (author) Lipscomb, William (author) Pollak, Daniel (author) 2012-03-01 application/pdf http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-007-670 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1 en eng Journal of Climate http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-007-670 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1 ark:/85065/d73f4r05 Copyright 2012 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work. Text article 2012 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1 2023-08-14T18:45:08Z To establish how well the new Community Climate System model version 4 (CCSM4) simulates the properties of the Arctic sea ice and ocean, we here compare results from six CCSM4 20th century ensemble simulations with available data. We find that the CCSM4 simulations capture most of the important climatological features of the Arctic sea ice and ocean state well, among them the sea-ice thickness distribution, the fraction of multiyear sea ice, and the sea-ice edge. The strongest bias exists in the simulated spring to fall sea-ice motion field, the location of the Beaufort Gyre, and the temperature of the deep Arctic Ocean (below 250 m), which are caused by deficiencies in the simulation of the Arctic sea-level pressure field and the lack of deep-water formation on the Arctic shelves. The observed decrease in the sea-ice extent and of the multiyear ice cover is also well captured by the CCSM4. It is important to note, however, that the temporal evolution of the simulated Arctic sea-ice cover over the satellite era is strongly influenced by internal variability. For example, while one ensemble member shows an even larger decrease in the sea-ice extent over 1981 - 2005 than observed, two ensemble members show no statistically significant trend over he same period. It is therefore important to compare the observed sea-ice extent trend not just with the ensemble mean or a multi-model ensemble mean, but also with individual ensemble members, due to the strong imprint of internal variability on these relatively short trends. National Science Foundation (NSF): OPP-0902068, ARC-0909313 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): NNG04GO51G, NNG06GB26G Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Arctic Ocean Sea ice OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Arctic Arctic Ocean Journal of Climate 25 5 1431 1452
institution Open Polar
collection OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research)
op_collection_id ftncar
language English
description To establish how well the new Community Climate System model version 4 (CCSM4) simulates the properties of the Arctic sea ice and ocean, we here compare results from six CCSM4 20th century ensemble simulations with available data. We find that the CCSM4 simulations capture most of the important climatological features of the Arctic sea ice and ocean state well, among them the sea-ice thickness distribution, the fraction of multiyear sea ice, and the sea-ice edge. The strongest bias exists in the simulated spring to fall sea-ice motion field, the location of the Beaufort Gyre, and the temperature of the deep Arctic Ocean (below 250 m), which are caused by deficiencies in the simulation of the Arctic sea-level pressure field and the lack of deep-water formation on the Arctic shelves. The observed decrease in the sea-ice extent and of the multiyear ice cover is also well captured by the CCSM4. It is important to note, however, that the temporal evolution of the simulated Arctic sea-ice cover over the satellite era is strongly influenced by internal variability. For example, while one ensemble member shows an even larger decrease in the sea-ice extent over 1981 - 2005 than observed, two ensemble members show no statistically significant trend over he same period. It is therefore important to compare the observed sea-ice extent trend not just with the ensemble mean or a multi-model ensemble mean, but also with individual ensemble members, due to the strong imprint of internal variability on these relatively short trends. National Science Foundation (NSF): OPP-0902068, ARC-0909313 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): NNG04GO51G, NNG06GB26G
author2 Jahn, Alexandra (author)
Polyakov, Igor (contributor)
Sterling, Kara (author)
Bhatt, Uma (contributor)
Holland, Marika (author)
Kay, Jennifer (author)
Maslanik, James (author)
Bitz, Cecilia (author)
Bailey, David (author)
Stroeve, Julienne (author)
Hunke, Elizabeth (author)
Lipscomb, William (author)
Pollak, Daniel (author)
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
title Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
spellingShingle Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
title_short Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
title_full Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
title_fullStr Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
title_full_unstemmed Late-twentieth-century simulation of Arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the CCSM4
title_sort late-twentieth-century simulation of arctic sea ice and ocean properties in the ccsm4
publishDate 2012
url http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-007-670
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1
geographic Arctic
Arctic Ocean
geographic_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
genre Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Sea ice
genre_facet Arctic
Arctic Ocean
Sea ice
op_relation Journal of Climate
http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-007-670
doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1
ark:/85065/d73f4r05
op_rights Copyright 2012 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work.
op_doi https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00201.1
container_title Journal of Climate
container_volume 25
container_issue 5
container_start_page 1431
op_container_end_page 1452
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