The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities
This paper reviews developments for the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), examines the land surface climate simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) compared to CCSM3, and assesses new earth system features of CLM4 within CCSM4. CLM4 incorporates a broad set of impro...
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American Meteorological Society
2012
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_11915 2023-09-05T13:22:34+02:00 The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities Lawrence, David (author) Oleson, Keith (author) Flanner, Mark (author) Fletcher, Christopher (author) Lawrence, Peter (author) Levis, Samuel (author) Swenson, Sean (author) Bonan, Gordon (author) 2012-04-01 application/pdf http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-010-668 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 en eng American Meteorological Society Journal of Climate http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-010-668 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 ark:/85065/d7sf2wvg Copyright 2012 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work. Atmosphere-land interaction Biosphere-atmosphere interaction Model evaluation/performance Land surface model Climate models Text article 2012 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 2023-08-14T18:40:31Z This paper reviews developments for the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), examines the land surface climate simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) compared to CCSM3, and assesses new earth system features of CLM4 within CCSM4. CLM4 incorporates a broad set of improvements including additions of a carbon-nitrogen (CN) biogeochemical model, an urban canyon model, and transient land cover and land use change, as well as revised soil and snow submodels. Several aspects of the surface climate simulation are improved in CCSM4. Improvements in the simulation of soil water storage, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and permafrost that are apparent in offline CLM4 simulations are generally retained in CCSM4. The global land air temperature bias is reduced and the annual cycle is improved in many locations, especially at high latitudes. The global land precipitation bias is larger in CCSM4 because of bigger wet biases in central and southern Africa and Australia. New earth system capabilities are assessed. The present-day air temperature within urban areas is warmer than surrounding rural areas by 1°-2°C, which is comparable to or greater than the change in climate occurring over the last 130 years. The snow albedo feedback is more realistic and the radiative forcing of snow aerosol deposition is calculated as +0.083 W m⁻² for present day. The land carbon flux due to land use, wildfire, and net ecosystem production is a source of carbon to the atmosphere throughout most of the historical simulation. CCSM4 is increasingly suited for studies of the role of land processes in climate and climate change. Article in Journal/Newspaper permafrost OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Journal of Climate 25 7 2240 2260 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
topic |
Atmosphere-land interaction Biosphere-atmosphere interaction Model evaluation/performance Land surface model Climate models |
spellingShingle |
Atmosphere-land interaction Biosphere-atmosphere interaction Model evaluation/performance Land surface model Climate models The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
topic_facet |
Atmosphere-land interaction Biosphere-atmosphere interaction Model evaluation/performance Land surface model Climate models |
description |
This paper reviews developments for the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), examines the land surface climate simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) compared to CCSM3, and assesses new earth system features of CLM4 within CCSM4. CLM4 incorporates a broad set of improvements including additions of a carbon-nitrogen (CN) biogeochemical model, an urban canyon model, and transient land cover and land use change, as well as revised soil and snow submodels. Several aspects of the surface climate simulation are improved in CCSM4. Improvements in the simulation of soil water storage, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and permafrost that are apparent in offline CLM4 simulations are generally retained in CCSM4. The global land air temperature bias is reduced and the annual cycle is improved in many locations, especially at high latitudes. The global land precipitation bias is larger in CCSM4 because of bigger wet biases in central and southern Africa and Australia. New earth system capabilities are assessed. The present-day air temperature within urban areas is warmer than surrounding rural areas by 1°-2°C, which is comparable to or greater than the change in climate occurring over the last 130 years. The snow albedo feedback is more realistic and the radiative forcing of snow aerosol deposition is calculated as +0.083 W m⁻² for present day. The land carbon flux due to land use, wildfire, and net ecosystem production is a source of carbon to the atmosphere throughout most of the historical simulation. CCSM4 is increasingly suited for studies of the role of land processes in climate and climate change. |
author2 |
Lawrence, David (author) Oleson, Keith (author) Flanner, Mark (author) Fletcher, Christopher (author) Lawrence, Peter (author) Levis, Samuel (author) Swenson, Sean (author) Bonan, Gordon (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
title_short |
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
title_full |
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
title_fullStr |
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
title_full_unstemmed |
The CCSM4 land simulation, 1850–2005: Assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
title_sort |
ccsm4 land simulation, 1850–2005: assessment of surface climate and new capabilities |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-010-668 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 |
genre |
permafrost |
genre_facet |
permafrost |
op_relation |
Journal of Climate http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-010-668 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 ark:/85065/d7sf2wvg |
op_rights |
Copyright 2012 American Meteorological Society (AMS). Permission to use figures, tables, and brief excerpts from this work in scientific and educational works is hereby granted provided that the source is acknowledged. Any use of material in this work that is determined to be "fair use" under Section 107 or that satisfies the conditions specified in Section 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law (17 USC, as revised by P.L. 94-553) does not require the Society's permission. Republication, systematic reproduction, posting in electronic form on servers, or other uses of this material, except as exempted by the above statements, requires written permission or license from the AMS. Additional details are provided in the AMS Copyright Policies, available from the AMS at 617-227-2425 or amspubs@ametsoc.org. Permission to place a copy of this work on this server has been provided by the AMS. The AMS does not guarantee that the copy provided here is an accurate copy of the published work. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00103.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
25 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
2240 |
op_container_end_page |
2260 |
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1776203077281382400 |