Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison
During the twentieth century sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean exhibited prominent multidecadal variations. The source of such variations has yet to be rigorously established-but the question of their impact on climate can be investigated. Here we report on a set of multimodel experimen...
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ftncar:oai:drupal-site.org:articles_10583 2023-07-30T04:05:14+02:00 Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison Hodson, Daniel (author) Sutton, Rowan (author) Cassou, Christophe (author) Keenlyside, Noel (author) Okumura, Yuko (author) Zhou, Tianjun (author) 2010-06-01 application/pdf http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-002-637 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 en eng Springer Climate Dynamics http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-002-637 doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 ark:/85065/d7k35v5x Copyright Springer-Verlag 2009. Atlantic MOC Decadel Text article 2010 ftncar https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 2023-07-17T18:16:32Z During the twentieth century sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean exhibited prominent multidecadal variations. The source of such variations has yet to be rigorously established-but the question of their impact on climate can be investigated. Here we report on a set of multimodel experiments to examine the impact of patterns of warming in the North Atlantic, and cooling in the South Atlantic, derived from observations, that is characteristic of the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). The experiments were carried out with six atmospheric General Circulation Models (including two versions of one model), and a major goal was to assess the extent to which key climate impacts are consistent between the different models. The major climate impacts are found over North and South America, with the strongest impacts over land found over the United States and northern parts of South America. These responses appear to be driven by a combination of an off-equatorial Gill response to diabatic heating over the Caribbean due to increased rainfall within the region and a Northward shift in the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) due to the anomalous cross-equatorial SST gradient. The majority of the models show warmer US land temperatures and reduced Mean Sea Level Pressure during summer (JJA) in response to a warmer North Atlantic and a cooler South Atlantic, in line with observations. However the majority of models show no significant impact on US rainfall during summer. Over northern South America, all models show reduced rainfall in southern hemisphere winter (JJA), whilst in Summer (DJF) there is a generally an increase in rainfall. However, there is a large spread amongst the models in the magnitude of the rainfall anomalies over land. Away from the Americas, there are no consistent significant modelled responses. In particular there are no significant changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over the North Atlantic and Europe in Winter (DJF). Additionally, the observed Sahel ... Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) Climate Dynamics 34 7-8 1041 1058 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
OpenSky (NCAR/UCAR - National Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research) |
op_collection_id |
ftncar |
language |
English |
topic |
Atlantic MOC Decadel |
spellingShingle |
Atlantic MOC Decadel Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
topic_facet |
Atlantic MOC Decadel |
description |
During the twentieth century sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean exhibited prominent multidecadal variations. The source of such variations has yet to be rigorously established-but the question of their impact on climate can be investigated. Here we report on a set of multimodel experiments to examine the impact of patterns of warming in the North Atlantic, and cooling in the South Atlantic, derived from observations, that is characteristic of the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). The experiments were carried out with six atmospheric General Circulation Models (including two versions of one model), and a major goal was to assess the extent to which key climate impacts are consistent between the different models. The major climate impacts are found over North and South America, with the strongest impacts over land found over the United States and northern parts of South America. These responses appear to be driven by a combination of an off-equatorial Gill response to diabatic heating over the Caribbean due to increased rainfall within the region and a Northward shift in the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) due to the anomalous cross-equatorial SST gradient. The majority of the models show warmer US land temperatures and reduced Mean Sea Level Pressure during summer (JJA) in response to a warmer North Atlantic and a cooler South Atlantic, in line with observations. However the majority of models show no significant impact on US rainfall during summer. Over northern South America, all models show reduced rainfall in southern hemisphere winter (JJA), whilst in Summer (DJF) there is a generally an increase in rainfall. However, there is a large spread amongst the models in the magnitude of the rainfall anomalies over land. Away from the Americas, there are no consistent significant modelled responses. In particular there are no significant changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over the North Atlantic and Europe in Winter (DJF). Additionally, the observed Sahel ... |
author2 |
Hodson, Daniel (author) Sutton, Rowan (author) Cassou, Christophe (author) Keenlyside, Noel (author) Okumura, Yuko (author) Zhou, Tianjun (author) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
title |
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
title_short |
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
title_full |
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
title_fullStr |
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in Atlantic Ocean sea surface temperature: A multimodel comparison |
title_sort |
climate impacts of recent multidecadal changes in atlantic ocean sea surface temperature: a multimodel comparison |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-002-637 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_relation |
Climate Dynamics http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-002-637 doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 ark:/85065/d7k35v5x |
op_rights |
Copyright Springer-Verlag 2009. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0571-2 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
34 |
container_issue |
7-8 |
container_start_page |
1041 |
op_container_end_page |
1058 |
_version_ |
1772817026266431488 |