Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data
Evaporation plays an important role in the global water and energy cycles and, hence, in climate change. Evaporation over the Southern Ocean, where the Antarctic sea ice coverage has a large annual cycle, is poorly quantified. In this study, daily evaporation is estimated for the Southern Ocean with...
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ftnasantrs:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:20200002285 2023-05-15T13:41:47+02:00 Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data Shie, Chung-Lin Vihma, Timo Boisvert, Linette Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available December 9, 2019 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20200002285 unknown Document ID: 20200002285 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20200002285 Copyright, Use by or on behalf of the U.S. Government permitted CASI Oceanography GSFC-E-DAA-TN78192 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres (ISSN 2169-897X) (e-ISSN 2169-8996); 125; 1; e2019JD030845 2019 ftnasantrs 2020-04-25T22:48:09Z Evaporation plays an important role in the global water and energy cycles and, hence, in climate change. Evaporation over the Southern Ocean, where the Antarctic sea ice coverage has a large annual cycle, is poorly quantified. In this study, daily evaporation is estimated for the Southern Ocean with a seaicespecific algorithm, using surface temperature and air humidity from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and wind speeds from ModernEra Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2), reanalysis during 20032016. An uncertainty of 34% was found in the evaporation product. The results indicate that annual evaporation has considerable interannual and regional variability, but with a decreasing trend during the study period over most of the Southern Ocean. There are, however, areas where evaporation has increased, specifically in the Ross Sea in winter and summer, with smaller positive trends in spring and fall. Overall, the changes in the difference between the surface specific humidity and the air specific humidity, and to a much lesser extent in the wind speed, are the main drivers for the changes in evaporation throughout the year. During spring and fall months, changes to the sea ice cover, which alter the surface specific humidity, are the main drivers for the change, but in summer and winter the main driver is the airspecific humidity. Air masses originating from the Antarctic continent (south) are associated with cold and dry conditions, which increase evaporation, whereas air masses from lower latitudes in the Southern Ocean (north) are associated with warm and moist conditions, decreasing evaporation. Comparisons with other reanalysis evaporation products produce similar trends, although annual averages differ. Other/Unknown Material Antarc* Antarctic Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Antarctic Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
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topic |
Oceanography |
spellingShingle |
Oceanography Shie, Chung-Lin Vihma, Timo Boisvert, Linette Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
topic_facet |
Oceanography |
description |
Evaporation plays an important role in the global water and energy cycles and, hence, in climate change. Evaporation over the Southern Ocean, where the Antarctic sea ice coverage has a large annual cycle, is poorly quantified. In this study, daily evaporation is estimated for the Southern Ocean with a seaicespecific algorithm, using surface temperature and air humidity from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and wind speeds from ModernEra Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2), reanalysis during 20032016. An uncertainty of 34% was found in the evaporation product. The results indicate that annual evaporation has considerable interannual and regional variability, but with a decreasing trend during the study period over most of the Southern Ocean. There are, however, areas where evaporation has increased, specifically in the Ross Sea in winter and summer, with smaller positive trends in spring and fall. Overall, the changes in the difference between the surface specific humidity and the air specific humidity, and to a much lesser extent in the wind speed, are the main drivers for the changes in evaporation throughout the year. During spring and fall months, changes to the sea ice cover, which alter the surface specific humidity, are the main drivers for the change, but in summer and winter the main driver is the airspecific humidity. Air masses originating from the Antarctic continent (south) are associated with cold and dry conditions, which increase evaporation, whereas air masses from lower latitudes in the Southern Ocean (north) are associated with warm and moist conditions, decreasing evaporation. Comparisons with other reanalysis evaporation products produce similar trends, although annual averages differ. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Shie, Chung-Lin Vihma, Timo Boisvert, Linette |
author_facet |
Shie, Chung-Lin Vihma, Timo Boisvert, Linette |
author_sort |
Shie, Chung-Lin |
title |
Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
title_short |
Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
title_full |
Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
title_fullStr |
Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data |
title_sort |
evaporation from the southern ocean estimated on the basis of airs satellite data |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20200002285 |
op_coverage |
Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available |
geographic |
Antarctic Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Ross Sea Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Ross Sea Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_source |
CASI |
op_relation |
Document ID: 20200002285 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20200002285 |
op_rights |
Copyright, Use by or on behalf of the U.S. Government permitted |
_version_ |
1766158085681840128 |