Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings
Warm pool El Nino (WPEN) events are characterized by positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific. Under present-day climate conditions, WPEN events generate poleward propagating wavetrains and enhance midlatitude planetary wave activity, weakening the stratosph...
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ftnasantrs:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:20140011361 2023-05-15T13:33:56+02:00 Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings Garfinkel, Chaim I. Newman, Paul A. Hurwitz, Margaret M. Oman, Luke D. Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available December 17, 2013 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140011361 unknown Document ID: 20140011361 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140011361 Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright CASI Meteorology and Climatology GSFC-E-DAA-TN9118 Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres; 118; 24; 13,371–13,382 2013 ftnasantrs 2019-07-21T00:25:51Z Warm pool El Nino (WPEN) events are characterized by positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific. Under present-day climate conditions, WPEN events generate poleward propagating wavetrains and enhance midlatitude planetary wave activity, weakening the stratospheric polar vortices. The late 21st century extratropical atmospheric response to WPEN events is investigated using the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model (GEOSCCM), version 2. GEOSCCM simulations are forced by projected late 21st century concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and by SSTs and sea ice concentrations from an existing ocean-atmosphere simulation. Despite known ocean-atmosphere model biases, the prescribed SST fields represent a best estimate of the structure of late 21st century WPEN events. The future Arctic vortex response is qualitatively similar to that observed in recent decades but is weaker in late winter. This response reflects the weaker SST forcing in the Nino 3.4 region and subsequently weaker Northern Hemisphere tropospheric teleconnections. The Antarctic stratosphere does not respond to WPEN events in a future climate, reflecting a change in tropospheric teleconnections: The meridional wavetrain weakens while a more zonal wavetrain originates near Australia. Sensitivity simulations show that a strong poleward wavetrain response to WPEN requires a strengthening and southeastward extension of the South Pacific Convergence Zone; this feature is not captured by the late 21st century modeled SSTs. Expected future increases in GHGs and decreases in ODSs do not affect the polar stratospheric responses to WPEN. Other/Unknown Material Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Antarctic Arctic Pacific The Antarctic |
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Open Polar |
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
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topic |
Meteorology and Climatology |
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Meteorology and Climatology Garfinkel, Chaim I. Newman, Paul A. Hurwitz, Margaret M. Oman, Luke D. Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
topic_facet |
Meteorology and Climatology |
description |
Warm pool El Nino (WPEN) events are characterized by positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the central equatorial Pacific. Under present-day climate conditions, WPEN events generate poleward propagating wavetrains and enhance midlatitude planetary wave activity, weakening the stratospheric polar vortices. The late 21st century extratropical atmospheric response to WPEN events is investigated using the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model (GEOSCCM), version 2. GEOSCCM simulations are forced by projected late 21st century concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and by SSTs and sea ice concentrations from an existing ocean-atmosphere simulation. Despite known ocean-atmosphere model biases, the prescribed SST fields represent a best estimate of the structure of late 21st century WPEN events. The future Arctic vortex response is qualitatively similar to that observed in recent decades but is weaker in late winter. This response reflects the weaker SST forcing in the Nino 3.4 region and subsequently weaker Northern Hemisphere tropospheric teleconnections. The Antarctic stratosphere does not respond to WPEN events in a future climate, reflecting a change in tropospheric teleconnections: The meridional wavetrain weakens while a more zonal wavetrain originates near Australia. Sensitivity simulations show that a strong poleward wavetrain response to WPEN requires a strengthening and southeastward extension of the South Pacific Convergence Zone; this feature is not captured by the late 21st century modeled SSTs. Expected future increases in GHGs and decreases in ODSs do not affect the polar stratospheric responses to WPEN. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Garfinkel, Chaim I. Newman, Paul A. Hurwitz, Margaret M. Oman, Luke D. |
author_facet |
Garfinkel, Chaim I. Newman, Paul A. Hurwitz, Margaret M. Oman, Luke D. |
author_sort |
Garfinkel, Chaim I. |
title |
Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
title_short |
Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
title_full |
Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
title_fullStr |
Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sensitivity of the Atmospheric Response to Warm Pool El Nino Events to Modeled SSTs and Future Climate Forcings |
title_sort |
sensitivity of the atmospheric response to warm pool el nino events to modeled ssts and future climate forcings |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140011361 |
op_coverage |
Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available |
geographic |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Arctic Pacific The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Arctic Sea ice |
op_source |
CASI |
op_relation |
Document ID: 20140011361 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20140011361 |
op_rights |
Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright |
_version_ |
1766047232590610432 |