Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia
Background: Concordia Station is located inside Antarctica about 1000km from the coast at an altitude of 3200m (Dome C). Hence, individuals living in this harsh environment are exposed to two major conditions: 1.) hypobaric hypoxia and 2.) confinement and extreme isolation. Both hypoxia and confinem...
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ftnasantrs:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:20130000717 2023-05-15T13:33:56+02:00 Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia Crucian, Brian Moreels, Marjan Quintens, Roel Sams, Clarence F. Baatout, Sarah Thiel, Manfred Salam, Alex Paddy Feuerecker, Matthias Rybka, Alex Schelling, Gustav Chouker, Alexander Ulrike, Thieme Kaufmann, Ines Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available May 22, 2012 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130000717 unknown Document ID: 20130000717 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130000717 Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright CASI Life Sciences (General) Paper ID: 12410 JSC-CN-25385 Global Space Exploration Conference; 22-24 May 2012; Washington, DC; United States 2012 ftnasantrs 2019-07-21T00:42:02Z Background: Concordia Station is located inside Antarctica about 1000km from the coast at an altitude of 3200m (Dome C). Hence, individuals living in this harsh environment are exposed to two major conditions: 1.) hypobaric hypoxia and 2.) confinement and extreme isolation. Both hypoxia and confinement can affect human immunity and health, and are likely to be present during exploration class space missions. This study focused on immune alterations measured by a new global immunity test assay, similar to the phased out delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test. Methods: After informed written consent 14 healthy male subjects were included to the CHOICE-study (Consequences-of-longterm-Confinement-and-Hypobaric-HypOxia-on-Immunity-in-the Antarctic-Concordia-Environment). Data collection occurred during two winter-over periods lasting each one year. During the first campaign 6 healthy male were enrolled followed by a second campaign with 8 healthy males. Blood was drawn monthly and incubated for 48h with various bacterial, viral and fungal antigens followed by an analysis of plasma cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IL2, IFN-gamma, IL10). As a control, blood was incubated without stimulation ("resting condition"). Goals: The scope of this study was to assess the consequences of hypoxia and confinement on cellular immunity as assessed by a new in vitro DTH-like test. Results: Initial results indicate that under resting conditions the in vitro DTH-like test showed low cytokine levels which remained almost unchanged during the entire observation period. However, cytokine responses to viral, bacterial and fungal antigens were remarkably reduced at the first month after arrival at Concordia when compared to levels measured in Europe prior to departure for Antarctica. With incrementing months of confinement this depressed DTH-like response tended to reverse, and in fact to show an "overshooting" immune reaction after stimulation. Conclusion: The reduced in vitro DTH-like test response in the early phase of Antarctic wintering over con rms distinct immune suppressive effects seen after (sub-)acute hypobaric hypoxia. The reversal and overshooting reaction of cellular immune responses upon stimulation, but not the resting state, indicate either a) priming of immune answers and/or b) an uncoupled or disregulated control of cellular immune answers by auto-, para- and endocrine pathways. Further analyses and correlations are warranted. Acknowledgement: Supported by the European Space Agency (ESA), the French (IPEV) and Italian (PNRA) polar institutes, the German National Space Program (DLR, 50WB0719/WB0919), by BELSPO/PROEDEX/ESA (C90-380/-391), NASA and by the Concordia crews who have participated with great enthusiasm. Other/Unknown Material Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Antarctic The Antarctic Concordia Station ENVELOPE(123.333,123.333,-75.100,-75.100) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
op_collection_id |
ftnasantrs |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Life Sciences (General) |
spellingShingle |
Life Sciences (General) Crucian, Brian Moreels, Marjan Quintens, Roel Sams, Clarence F. Baatout, Sarah Thiel, Manfred Salam, Alex Paddy Feuerecker, Matthias Rybka, Alex Schelling, Gustav Chouker, Alexander Ulrike, Thieme Kaufmann, Ines Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
topic_facet |
Life Sciences (General) |
description |
Background: Concordia Station is located inside Antarctica about 1000km from the coast at an altitude of 3200m (Dome C). Hence, individuals living in this harsh environment are exposed to two major conditions: 1.) hypobaric hypoxia and 2.) confinement and extreme isolation. Both hypoxia and confinement can affect human immunity and health, and are likely to be present during exploration class space missions. This study focused on immune alterations measured by a new global immunity test assay, similar to the phased out delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test. Methods: After informed written consent 14 healthy male subjects were included to the CHOICE-study (Consequences-of-longterm-Confinement-and-Hypobaric-HypOxia-on-Immunity-in-the Antarctic-Concordia-Environment). Data collection occurred during two winter-over periods lasting each one year. During the first campaign 6 healthy male were enrolled followed by a second campaign with 8 healthy males. Blood was drawn monthly and incubated for 48h with various bacterial, viral and fungal antigens followed by an analysis of plasma cytokine levels (TNF-alpha, IL2, IFN-gamma, IL10). As a control, blood was incubated without stimulation ("resting condition"). Goals: The scope of this study was to assess the consequences of hypoxia and confinement on cellular immunity as assessed by a new in vitro DTH-like test. Results: Initial results indicate that under resting conditions the in vitro DTH-like test showed low cytokine levels which remained almost unchanged during the entire observation period. However, cytokine responses to viral, bacterial and fungal antigens were remarkably reduced at the first month after arrival at Concordia when compared to levels measured in Europe prior to departure for Antarctica. With incrementing months of confinement this depressed DTH-like response tended to reverse, and in fact to show an "overshooting" immune reaction after stimulation. Conclusion: The reduced in vitro DTH-like test response in the early phase of Antarctic wintering over con rms distinct immune suppressive effects seen after (sub-)acute hypobaric hypoxia. The reversal and overshooting reaction of cellular immune responses upon stimulation, but not the resting state, indicate either a) priming of immune answers and/or b) an uncoupled or disregulated control of cellular immune answers by auto-, para- and endocrine pathways. Further analyses and correlations are warranted. Acknowledgement: Supported by the European Space Agency (ESA), the French (IPEV) and Italian (PNRA) polar institutes, the German National Space Program (DLR, 50WB0719/WB0919), by BELSPO/PROEDEX/ESA (C90-380/-391), NASA and by the Concordia crews who have participated with great enthusiasm. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Crucian, Brian Moreels, Marjan Quintens, Roel Sams, Clarence F. Baatout, Sarah Thiel, Manfred Salam, Alex Paddy Feuerecker, Matthias Rybka, Alex Schelling, Gustav Chouker, Alexander Ulrike, Thieme Kaufmann, Ines |
author_facet |
Crucian, Brian Moreels, Marjan Quintens, Roel Sams, Clarence F. Baatout, Sarah Thiel, Manfred Salam, Alex Paddy Feuerecker, Matthias Rybka, Alex Schelling, Gustav Chouker, Alexander Ulrike, Thieme Kaufmann, Ines |
author_sort |
Crucian, Brian |
title |
Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
title_short |
Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
title_full |
Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
title_fullStr |
Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Alterations of Cellular Immune Reactions in Crew Members Overwintering in the Antarctic Research Station Concordia |
title_sort |
alterations of cellular immune reactions in crew members overwintering in the antarctic research station concordia |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130000717 |
op_coverage |
Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(123.333,123.333,-75.100,-75.100) |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic Concordia Station |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic Concordia Station |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica |
op_source |
CASI |
op_relation |
Document ID: 20130000717 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130000717 |
op_rights |
Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright |
_version_ |
1766047293232906240 |