Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread
Empirical evidence from multiple sources show the Earth has been warming since the late 19th century. More recently, evidence for this warming trend is strongly supported by satellite data since the late 1970s from the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and land that confirms increasing temperature tre...
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ftnasantrs:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:20110012851 2023-05-15T15:18:38+02:00 Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread Yager, Karina Linthicum, Kenneth J. Tucker, Compton J. Anyamba, Assaf Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available January 2011 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110012851 unknown Document ID: 20110012851 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110012851 Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright CASI Life Sciences (General) GSFC.BOOK.4413.2011 2011 ftnasantrs 2019-07-21T06:29:03Z Empirical evidence from multiple sources show the Earth has been warming since the late 19th century. More recently, evidence for this warming trend is strongly supported by satellite data since the late 1970s from the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and land that confirms increasing temperature trends and their consequences (e.g., reduced Arctic sea ice, rising sea level, ice sheet mass loss, etc.). At the same time, satellite observations of the Sun show remarkably stable solar cycles since the late 1970s, when direct observations of the Sun's total solar irradiance began. Numerical simulation models, driven in part by assimilated satellite data, suggest that future-warming trends will lead to not only a warmer planet, but also a wetter and drier climate depending upon location in a fashion consistent with large-scale atmospheric processes. Continued global warming poses new opportunities for the emergence and spread of fungal disease, as climate systems change at regional and global scales, and as animal and plant species move into new niches. Our contribution to this proceedings is organized thus: First, we review empirical evidence for a warming Earth. Second, we show the Sun is not responsible for the observed warming. Third, we review numerical simulation modeling results that project these trends into the future, describing the projected abiotic environment of our planet in the next 40 to 50 years. Fourth, we illustrate how Rift Valley fever outbreaks have been linked to climate, enabling a better understanding of the dynamics of these diseases, and how this has led to the development of an operational predictive outbreak model for this disease in Africa. Fifth, We project how this experience may be applicable to predicting outbreaks of fungal pathogens in a warming world. Lastly, we describe an example of changing species ranges due to climate change, resulting from recent warming in the Andes and associated glacier melt that has enabled amphibians to colonize higher elevation lakes, only to be followed shortly by the emergence of fungal disease in the new habitats. Other/Unknown Material Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet Sea ice NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Arctic |
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NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) |
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Life Sciences (General) |
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Life Sciences (General) Yager, Karina Linthicum, Kenneth J. Tucker, Compton J. Anyamba, Assaf Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
topic_facet |
Life Sciences (General) |
description |
Empirical evidence from multiple sources show the Earth has been warming since the late 19th century. More recently, evidence for this warming trend is strongly supported by satellite data since the late 1970s from the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and land that confirms increasing temperature trends and their consequences (e.g., reduced Arctic sea ice, rising sea level, ice sheet mass loss, etc.). At the same time, satellite observations of the Sun show remarkably stable solar cycles since the late 1970s, when direct observations of the Sun's total solar irradiance began. Numerical simulation models, driven in part by assimilated satellite data, suggest that future-warming trends will lead to not only a warmer planet, but also a wetter and drier climate depending upon location in a fashion consistent with large-scale atmospheric processes. Continued global warming poses new opportunities for the emergence and spread of fungal disease, as climate systems change at regional and global scales, and as animal and plant species move into new niches. Our contribution to this proceedings is organized thus: First, we review empirical evidence for a warming Earth. Second, we show the Sun is not responsible for the observed warming. Third, we review numerical simulation modeling results that project these trends into the future, describing the projected abiotic environment of our planet in the next 40 to 50 years. Fourth, we illustrate how Rift Valley fever outbreaks have been linked to climate, enabling a better understanding of the dynamics of these diseases, and how this has led to the development of an operational predictive outbreak model for this disease in Africa. Fifth, We project how this experience may be applicable to predicting outbreaks of fungal pathogens in a warming world. Lastly, we describe an example of changing species ranges due to climate change, resulting from recent warming in the Andes and associated glacier melt that has enabled amphibians to colonize higher elevation lakes, only to be followed shortly by the emergence of fungal disease in the new habitats. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Yager, Karina Linthicum, Kenneth J. Tucker, Compton J. Anyamba, Assaf |
author_facet |
Yager, Karina Linthicum, Kenneth J. Tucker, Compton J. Anyamba, Assaf |
author_sort |
Yager, Karina |
title |
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
title_short |
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
title_full |
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
title_fullStr |
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread |
title_sort |
climate change, extreme weather events, and fungal disease emergence and spread |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110012851 |
op_coverage |
Unclassified, Unlimited, Publicly available |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming Ice Sheet Sea ice |
op_source |
CASI |
op_relation |
Document ID: 20110012851 http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20110012851 |
op_rights |
Copyright, Distribution as joint owner in the copyright |
_version_ |
1766348835619078144 |